Students’ Questions Answered by Our Experts Page 17

Robert Hooke discovered that living cells are composed of smaller units he called “corpuscles.” Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to see and describe bacteria.

The baroque period was caused by the Council of Trent. The Council of Trent was a response to the Protestant Reformation.

This painting demonstrates Raphael’s skill in creating lifelike figures and his ability to convey emotion through his work.

Robert Hooke is credited with discovering cells in 1665. In his microscope observations, Hooke saw tiny compartments that he likened to the cells of a honeycomb. Hooke’s discovery laid the foundation for cell theory.

The American Romanticism movement was a literary and artistic period in the early to mid-19th century in the United States. The movement was characterized by its emphasis on individualism, imagination, and emotion.

In the late 1700s, English physician Edward Jenner noticed that milkmaids who had been infected with cowpox never came down with smallpox. Jenner hypothesized that cowpox could protect people from smallpox and set out to test his theory.

He chose drosophila because they are easy to keep and have a short life cycle.

In literature, realism is the quality or condition of being true to life. It is an approach to writing that attempts to describe life without idealization or romanticization.

The Galapagos Islands were important to Charles Darwin as he developed the theory of evolution because they are home to a great diversity of plant and animal species. Additionally, the islands are located in a region with very little human disturbance, allowing for a natural laboratory in which to observe evolution in action.

Bret Harte wrote a parody of “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe.