The Auschwitz concentration camp was established in 1940 and liberated by the Soviet army on January 27, 1945. The last transport of prisoners arrived at Auschwitz on January 17, 1945, and it was officially closed on January 27, 1945. The number of victims of the Auschwitz concentration camp is estimated to be between 1.1 million and 1.5 million, with a majority being Jewish, but also including Roma (Gypsies), Poles, and Soviet prisoners of war. The majority of the victims were killed by gas chambers or died from starvation or disease.
The Auschwitz concentration camp was operated by the Nazi regime from 1940 to 1945. It was located in the town of Oswiecim, in southern Poland. The Auschwitz concentration camp was one of six extermination camps set up by Nazi Germany during World War II, along with Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor and Treblinka. It was the largest of these six extermination camps – about 40 square kilometers in area – with an estimated 50-60 sub-camps located around it throughout Poland and occupied Europe.
