INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT CALCUTTA WORKING PAPER SERIES WPS No. 677/ August 2011 JUGAAD- Not just “Making do” but a Low Cost Survival & Coping Strategy at the Bottom of the Pyramids. by Ramendra Singh Assistant Professor, Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Joka, Kolkata 700104 Vaibhav Gupta B. Tech Student, Department of Applied physics, Delhi …
Self-Esteem: Understanding the ConceptSelf-Esteem: Understanding the ConceptWhether people know it or not, everyone has a self-esteem, but somehave better grasps on it than others do. Most people’s self-esteemjudgments are based on what they value, their beliefs or interests,and the attitudes that they have (Beane, 1993, p. 6). Therefore it isimpossible to escape the notion that …
The Self-Concept is a complicated process of gaining self-awareness. It consists of mental images an individual has of oneself: physical appearance, health, accomplishments, skills, social talents, roles, intellectual traits, and emotional states and more -all make up our self-concept. The development process begins at about six or seven months of age. The child begins to …
So deeply ingrained is the tendency to funnel society into the mold prepared for it by the nation-state that we cannot conceive of societies except as thoroughly congruent with the state, as if the teleology of all social entities were the state. This truism constitutes a succinct expression of the pre-eminence of the nation-state in …
Friendship is some sort of excellence or virtue, and it is, moreover, most indispensable for life(Aristotle, 214).In his writing, Aristotle claims that without friendship it is merely impossible for one to live a complete and virtuous life. In this paper I will compare the virtues of the good person to those of the bad person. …
THE TIV CONCEPT OF A GOOD MAN: AN ESSAY IN AFRICAN ETHICST[1] INTRODUCTION Obviously, the concept Goodman calls to mind the knowledge of ethics. It tries to draw the attention of every one to the ethical theories, in relation to value placement. These theories such as Hedonism, utilitarianism Epicureanism, eudemonism to mention a few, evolve …
Unfortunately, some people struggle because they lack a healthy understanding of who they are. They focus on their weakness and shortcomings, projecting a negative image upon themselves they believe is seen by others, luckily, the self-concept cab be changed for the better, although improving it will not happen overnight. It involves changing how you view …
Victorian society was very class orientated and gentlemen were the elite of their world. Traditionally gentlemen came from good backgrounds, were wealthy and conducted themselves in a proper and gentlemanly manner. Charles Dickens’ disagrees with these stereotypes and he shows this in his novels. In Great Expectations Philip Phirrip, nicknamed ‘Pip’, thrives to become what …
The Things They Carried Essay, Research Paper The Concept and Antilogy of Necessity in The Things They Carried The Things They Carried by Tim O Brien, a potpourri of short narratives tied together by a common subject, examines the many aspects of necessity and poses a inquiry of merely how valuable the things we hold …
In March 1994, media mogul Silvio Berlusconi became the Prime Minister of Italy. Against all odds, he could retain his ownership of several TV channels and other media. Berlusconi’s quasi-monopoly not only raises questions about pluralism in media and communication, it is also seen as alarming that he could possibly use his political power to …
“A man is but a product of his thoughts, what he thinks he becomes” – Mahatma Gandhi. What is Self-concept and Self-esteem? According to Verderbers , and Sellnow, ‘The term self-concept is the mental image one has of their skills, abilities, knowledge, competencies and personalities’. (2013, p 26) Self-concept is derived form our personal experiences …
Barbara Carper says, “It is the general conception of any field of inquiry that ultimately determines the kind of knowledge the field aims to develop as well as the manner in which that knowledge is to be organized, tested and applied” (Carper, 1978). It is Barbara Carper who developed the four fundamental patterns of knowing …
Concept of Profit Maximization Profit can be defined as the difference between revenue earned from selling a product and the cost of producing that product. In economics, the excess of revenue over costs is called “pure profit” or “economic profit”. Symbolically, P=R-C (where P denotes profits, R denotes revenue and C denotes Cost). When the …
With the help of examples, explain the concept of ‘a shrinking world’. [9] A shrinking world is a phenomenon whereby the world appears to be getting smaller and space shrinks as a consequence of the revolution in transport and communication technologies reducing the frictional effect of distance on movement. Shorter time is taken for people, …
Rationalization Rationalization affects our humanity. Weber (1958) defined rationalization as the increasing role of calculation and control in social life. It is a trend leading to the iron cage of bureaucracy. According to him, we have locked ourselves in an iron cage of rationality. Rationalization is our modern horizon. Technological design is believed to …
Consumer behaviour is one of the important considerations in making a marketing strategy. It involves processes that consumers use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society (Askegaard et al., 2007). However, marketers should take note …
