Introduction
The study was aimed to test a short-term effect of bullying on the behavior of students of universities in Lahore. Bullying among Students at universities is quite intolerable and it is social evil because it is cruel and repeated oppression by the powerful over the power less, without any justification. It is undesirable form of behavior. It is gratuitous violence, physical or psychological (Rigby, 2007).
Bullying effect student’ academic, personal psychological growth if its prevalence will not be prevented (Lillis, 2011). These are the repeated attacks by those who are in authority on those who are less powerful for the sake of enjoyment or hurting others (Besag, 1989). Bullying is a serious for whole environment of the universities and it has long term consequence (Lillis, 2011). In 1983, first major anti-bullying intervention for schools was established and its reports for an evaluation with the development of (Olweus,1984) Bullying prevention program indicated reductions in bullying and alerted many educationists to consider that intervention could be effective in reducing bullying and intervention program always result in significant reductions of bullying behavior (Smith et al, 2004).
Cyber bullying is defined as methods for show anger in which people use electronic gadgets to insult, degrade, undermine, irritate, as well as scare a person (Raskauskas and Stoltz, 2007). It is named social or indirect aggression because it is a easy way to harm peer connections without showing their identity (Berger, 2007). It incorporates non-physical assaults, for example, teasing, telling false stories about someone, and ridiculing another, making fun, spreading of rumors, or making aggressive or forceful remarks towards someone.
This new kind of social humiliating gossips (Berger, 2007) is done by utilizing the Internet (pages, texting), instant messages, picture messages, and some other type of gadgets used used to assult or threat persons directly or indirectly. Some examples are defaming sites and online ‘slam books’ (Raskauskas and Stoltz, 2007).
Significance of Study
Apart from many other problems faced by students all over the world including violence, harassment; male students are also the biggest target of bullying. This kind of behavior starts at school sphere and it may long last to their higher education institutions and most of the time even the victim of bullying doesn’t know that they are being targeted.
Bullying has a lot of negative effects on the psyche of male students and lean drastic impacts their daily in leaves. This study will be a valuable addition in existing knowledge. It will also be helpful conducting future researcher. Researcher in this field may highlight the effects and dynamics of bullying on male students. This study would also be helpful for families, friends and peers to get to know more about the issue and its long term effects.
Objectives of study:
1. To analyze number of internet hours usage by university students.
2. To identify and analyze the impact of cyber bullying on behavior of students.
Hypothesis:
H1 There is relationship between cyber bullying and student behavior.
H0 There is no relationship between cyber bullying and student behavior.
Literature Review
This short effort has been made to survey the available writings which are related to the issue of harassing with the use of gadgets and other technologies which falls under cyber community and how this type of harassment effects on the behaviors of the students which are studying in different universities.
Cyber Bullying is type of harassment or blackmailing people, or to tease people or irritate people or disturb people by any person by using digital gadgets or advance technologies. In this modern era, so many communication means are present over there in the world and they are operated by using web communications and social media like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Whatsapp, Snapchat smart phones and so many more others. (Faucher et al, 2014)
It is very easy for users of these technologies to express their emotion with the good or bad use of the technology and it has a great part within our lives, but unfortunately excessive use of internet and modern communication means also lead users to a lack of social skills and intervening into the lives and make them into high level of anxiety, lower self-esteem, physical and verbal aggression. (Aricak, 2009).
These cyber links and also modern modes of communication with friends or peers are used widely and accessibly among the youth and also with strangers. The information which may share by a person on these gadgets may also damage to the other persons repute if the settings and security are compromised. (Faucher et al, 2014)
Sometimes bully may not use the physical force against the victum by using these technologies perhaps most of the victims have told that they are facing the experience as real as face to face bullying and this is so disturbing and irritating. (Aricak, 2009)
Bullying word is not new it can track upto 130’s era. (Harper, 2008), Cyber bullying is not one sided, there is always a bully and the other victim is called bullied by bully. Bullying may harm the victim or tease the victim or may disturb the victim mentally. Bully can bully the victim easily by using social media, cell phone or using indirect way to spread rumors or by exposing too personal stuff with the social circle of the person to degrade or torture that person. (Harper, 2008).
“(Shariff 2008) explained the understanding of the phenomenon ‘when we define a behavior, it is important to remember it as an action that takes place in a particular context, at a particular time, with various influences operating on the individuals who take the action.”
‘In the viewpoint of (Bouhon and Flemington, 1996) cyber bullying is not a phenomena that is completely uncovered, and literature on the topic still needs to be explored and discoveries for the nature, rate of incidents, differences on the basis of gender and other aspects that causes or the become the reasons of cyber bullying and also that how cyber bullying affect the life of victims socially, psychologically and mental health as well The following literature also gives a preview of victims situation of powerlessness to have clear understand being of the phenomenon and to find out the reluctance that stop the victim to not to report the issue to authorities or family. The victim considered the self in the case of cyber bullying as incompetent and made a thought problems cannot be solved by self (Thomas R 2008, Lampman, 2012).”
“It is predicted in research that if an individual is involved in any type of bullying there are greater chance that person would also involves in other types of bullying including cyber bullying ( Gradinger et al . , 2009 ; Hinduja and Patchin , 2008 ) . Olweus( 2013) narrates that there is on 10 % of youth that is involved in cyber bullying but not in traditional bullying. In a meta-analysis review on the literature of cyber bullying Kowaski et al, (2014) found a strong correlation between c n and involvement in traditional bullying and about in between cyber bullying correlation and between perpetration of traditional bullying.”
Impact of Cyber Bullying
Cyber bullying have very long lasting effects on mind of the victim and also have very bad effect of social behaviors. The victim mosly become antisocial, aggressive due to this (petchin and hinduja, 2006).
There is interesting thing in the cyber bullying that both bully and victim suffers a lot in this type of scenario but this may affect more long on the mind of them and it may leave heavy scar on their psychological problems.(flouri and Buchana, 2002).
Cyber bullying Among University Students
Different researchers has done good work to explore the study on cyber bullying at university level and they called it a very threatening and dangerous issue because students who faced this type of bullying becomes very anti social and become highly effected and depressed and face anxiety issues and these things leads them to leave the university.(Wanda.C, 2006)
Wanda Cassidy, Margaret Jackson, Chantal Faucher were the researchers who had a great work to explore and elaborating the situation of Cyber bullying in the universitie.
They have worked on the project which was funded by Social Sciences and Humanitarian Research Council of Canada to observe and analyze the situation of Cyber bullying in four Universities in Canada. They collected data from 2000 students by doing different surveys, observations and Focused Group Interviews to get the reviews of Cyber bullying. During this research, they was surprised that there are 1 students in every 5 students was the victim of cyber bullying and they have absolutely no idea that who is trying to defame them.
Some of the students reported the authorities of the university that they have got threatening emails and messages on Facebook.(Willard, 2005)
Willard (2005) has classified 8 types of Cyber bullying in his research which are Flaming, Harassment, Exclusion, Denigration, Masquerade, Cyber-stalking,
Methodology
The quantitative methodology vis-avis survey method was used to explore the impact of cyber bullying on behavior of university students. Samples were chosen from the university of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan. 300 students filled the survey questionnaire. University sample consisted of 300 students, among 150 were males and 150 were females. The survey was in English language. The sample was chosen through probability sample. The research was conducted to find the relationship between cyber bullying and behavior of students. A sample of 300 students between the age ranges 18 to 26 was taken for this research project.
The participants were administered with established scale by researcher. I was used three likert scale in my questionnaire. After this study the researcher found that the reliability of the scale.
