Students’ Questions about History Page 23

Aristotle was a student of Plato and was taught by him.

Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher who was one of the most important and influential figures in Western philosophy.

The individual is more important than the state and that morality is the key to a harmonious society.

John Locke believed that natural rights were given to all humans by God and that these rights could not be taken away. He also believed that slavery was justified as long as it was approved by the government.

Immanuel Kant is most associated with the ethical system of deontology. This system focuses on the actions that people take, rather than the outcomes of those actions.

Aristotle was one of the first people to develop a theory about atoms. He believed that atoms were the smallest things in the universe and that they could not be divided.

Hongwu followed the teachings of Confucius because he believed that they were the best way to create a stable and prosperous society. He also thought that they would help him to unify China under one rule.

Confucius was a Chinese philosopher who founded Confucianism. Confucianism is an ethical and philosophical system that stresses the importance of filial piety, ritual, and propriety.

Lao Tzu lived from 604 BC to 531 BC.

John Locke’s beliefs in natural rights and a government’s duty to protect those rights greatly influenced Thomas Jefferson’s writings, most notably the Declaration of Independence.