Students’ Questions about History Page 27

Aristotle argued that the ability to reason is the most important aspect of adolescence. He believed that adolescents who can reason well are more likely to make good decisions and lead successful lives.

According to Karl Marx, class consciousness is developed through the struggle of the proletariat against the bourgeoisie. This struggle leads to the development of a revolutionary consciousness among the proletariat, which eventually leads to the overthrow of the bourgeoisie.

Confucius believed that class distinctions were natural and necessary in society. He believed that each class had a role to play in society and that everyone should know their place in society.

Immanuel Kant is most commonly associated with Deontological Ethics, which is the belief that the morality of an action should be based on the action’s adherence to principle, rather than the good or bad consequences of the action.

Aristotle is known for his contribution to taxonomy, which is the scientific study of the classification of organisms.

In the School of Athens, Aristotle is shown gesturing with his palm down to indicate that he is teaching about objective reality, as opposed to the subjective reality of the individual.

We directly observe our sensations, emotions, and thoughts.

Lao Tzu was a Chinese philosopher and the founder of Taoism. The exact date and circumstances of his birth are unknown, but it is traditionally said that he was born in 604 BCE.

John Stuart Mill believed that the government should not interfere with the lives of individuals as long as they were not harming others.

Aristotle believed that human nature is good and that people are social beings.