Industrial wastewater treatment covers the mechanisms and processes used to treat waters that have been contaminated in some way by anthropogenic industrial or commercial activities prior to its release into the environment or its re-use. Most industries produce some wet waste although recent trends in the developed world have been to minimise such production or recycle such waste within the production process.
However, many industries remain dependent on processes that produce wastewaters. Effluent Treatment Plants Many organigation offer a wide range of industrial effluent treatment plants for application in paint shop, diaries, paper mills, oil refineries, leather industry, glass factories, chemical and processing industries etc. These industrial effluent treatment plants are designed to provide a pollution free working environment and recycle the water for other applications.
All the effluent treatment plants strictly comply with the design specifications laid down by the regulatory authority. The industrial effluent treatment plants involve different stages of treatment including physio- chemical treatment and biological treatment followed by tertiary treatment. Integrated functions with simple control makes the operation much easier. Our engineers can also custom design effluent treatment plants based on the specific application requirement of the customers.
Effluent Treatment Plant – Improving Performance & Reducing Pollution Improving effluent treatment plant performance to reduce operating costs, comply with discharge consent conditions and minimise environmental pollution is high on the agenda of many industrial organisations. This informative good practice guide deals with improving the performance of effluent treatment plant to reduce operating costs and reduce environmental pollution. Most companies operate effluent treatment plants to reduce the potential for pollution of receiving waters and to comply with discharge consent conditions.
Effective management and control of the processes used for effluent treatment will help you to: * Reduce your operating costs and thus increase profits. * Achieve more effective compliance with legislation. * Improve your company’s public image. Reduce effluent treatment costs This good practice guide aims to help companies reduce the costs associated with effluent treatment plant operation by at least 5%. As illustrated by the four Industry Examples at the back of the guide, some companies have achieved significantly greater cost savings by improving the performance of their effluent treatment plant (ETP).
Although the guide is aimed particularly at the speciality chemicals industry, the advice given is applicable to many other companies operating an effluent treatment plant. Before reviewing the operation of their ETP, companies are urged to take action to minimise the amount and strength of the effluent created by production processes. Producing less effluent in the first place will reduce the demands made on the ETP and thus save both money and effort. A thorough understanding of the nature and properties of your company’s effluents is essential for cost-effective pollution control.
The guide describes how to characterise your effluent streams and identifies key control parameters. It describes how to improve the performance of the most common treatment processes, including neutralisation, equalisation and activated sludge treatment. Advice on how to reduce sludge management costs is also given. Improving performance Improving the performance of the ETP will reduce your site’s operating costs and make it easier for your site to comply with its discharge consent conditions. Sites discharging to sewer will also reduce their trade effluent charges.
Effective effluent management The five steps to effective effluent management are: 1. characterise all effluents produced on-site; 2. implement a waste minimisation programme to reduce the volume and strengths of effluents; 3. incorporate in-process conditioning and treatment, where appropriate; 4. determine and install segregation facilities to tailor treatment options; 5. optimise performance of ETP… request a copy of the full document >> working principle effluent treatment plants and water treatment plants A water treatment plant will usually take water from a dammed river.
The water is then filtered and purified till it is potable (that is, drinkable). Depending on the quality of the water it may have to be disinfected with chlorine or other chemicals to make it safe for use. An effluent treatment plant takes sewage runoff from toilets, factories, stormwater drains and other sources. 1. Screening: First the effluent is screened to remove any solids (cans, plastic, condoms, tampons etc). It then moves through a tank slowly enough so that sand, stones and rock sink to the bottom where they can be removed before the mixture starts going through pumps. The sand is usually sent to landfill. ) 2. Pumping. Our treatment plant is located on low ground, so much of the wastewater travels via gravity to the plant. Once in the plant and depending on the topography, most treatment plants have pumps to move the wastewater from one treatment area to another. 3. Aerating. Bubbling oxygen through the sewage helps release some of the dissolved gases from the water into the air. It also helps larger ‘grit’ such as sand, coffee grounds, etc to settle out. 4. Sedimentation.
Sludge settles out of the wastewater and is pumped out of the sedimentation tank and then processed in a large ‘digester’ tank. 5. Removing Scum. As the sludge settles to the bottom, lighter items such as grease, oils, plastics and soap float to the top. slow-moving rakes skim the material off the surface. Thickened scum is pumped into the digesters with the sludge. 6. Finally, the wastewater is treated, often with filtration and/or clorine to remove bacteria, odors and other items. The water is now clean and discharged into a local river. R. Solid Waste Digester.
Solids are kept in a large, heated tank for many days. This tank acts like a stomach and ‘disgests’ the material using bacteria. Digesting the material reduces the volume and odor and produces Methane Gas which can be used to help heat the digester tank. The finished material is then sent to a landfill. Primary Treatment: The sewage then flows slowly through large tanks. Here the sludge sinks to the bottom and the oil and grease rise to the top. The sludge and the oils are then removed. Secondary Treatment: The remaining mixture is treated using aerobic biological processes.
Air is pumped through to encourage bacteria and protozoas to break down the contaminants. Tertiary Treatment: Finally the treated water is given a final processing before it is discharged into a river, lake or ocean. Any one or more of the following methods are used: * filtration (through sands) * lagooning (stored in large man-made lagoons where reeds and other plants assist) * constructed wetlands (rather like lagooning, using reedbeds and other similar methods) * nutrient removal (to remove nitrogen and phosphorus) * disinfection
