According to Karl Marx, the engine of social change is the class struggle. This is the struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The proletariat are the workers, and they create value for society by working. The bourgeoisie are those who own the means of production and make their living off profits from those who work for them. The bourgeoisie exploit workers in order to make a profit, and this is unfair because it is not based on merit or ability but rather on relationship to capital (in this case, money).
The proletariat go through cycles in which they are exploited by the bourgeoisie, then become conscious of their situation, organize themselves into unions, strike against their oppressors and eventually overthrow them and take over as the ruling class themselves. This process repeats itself until all classes are gone and there is only one class: the proletariat.
Karl Marx says that in every society there are two main classes, namely the bourgeoisie and proletariat. These two classes are in constant conflict with each other because their interests are contradictory in nature.
According to him, one group owns property while another group does not own any property at all. This means that one group has more power than the other group because it controls everything that is produced in a society such as factories and farms.
The bourgeoisie also controls politics, culture and religion as well as education system which makes them very powerful in society. On the other hand, workers who are part of this proletariat class have very little power or control over any aspect of society due to their low wages or salaries.
