History can be described in different ways and is influenced by events. In the American system, we are lucky to live in a land of opportunity and have the freedom to live according to our preferences. The concept of individual self-sufficiency, without relying on governmental aid, was initially introduced by President Herbert Hoover. This principle emerged during the Great Depression when Hoover believed that Americans should not depend on financial assistance provided by the government.
From my point of view, rugged individualism is the idea of individuals being self-sufficient and not relying on government aid, whether financially or intellectually. As I delve into literature about the American Dream, Hoover’s concept of rugged individualism becomes increasingly apparent. Likewise, books like “Ragged Dick” by Horatio Alger, “The Great Gatsby” by Scott Fitzgerald, and “A Raison in the Sun” by Lorraine Hansberry all illustrate the ongoing utilization and significance of rugged individualism in present-day society.
The book Ragged Dick by Alger reveals the 19th century lifestyle of a destitute boot black, serving as an example of rugged individualism. Alger effectively portrays the motivations of the main character, “Dick,” as he navigates his challenging circumstances. At just fourteen years old, Dick works as a shoeshiner, enduring the hardships of sleeping in worn and tattered clothing on the streets of New York City. Alger depicts him as an average boy who leads a difficult street life, occasionally indulging in smoking and drinking.
Despite being a bootblack in the streets of New York, Dick consistently demonstrated kindness. His humility and diligence astonished well-mannered gentlemen who observed his work. He firmly rejected any dishonest or dishonorable behavior, showing no inclination to steal, cheat, or exploit younger boys. Instead, he remained honest and sincere, exhibiting courage and self-reliance. His noble character shielded him from engaging in any reprehensible acts. Dick serves as an exceptional embodiment of rugged individualism principles and has far exceeded my initial expectations.
He grew up without a role model and had to rely on himself to shine boots and earn a living. Despite living on the streets and having dirty clothes from his work, he never complained. In my opinion, Dick didn’t receive help or expect anything from anyone. If he did, he would appreciate it and make wise investments.
The protagonist of the book receives kind treatment from an elderly man and his son, and during this time, he demonstrates humility by mentioning that he resides on the streets in a cardboard box. He disregards the importance of hygiene, prioritizing instead his need for sustenance and a dependable future. Once he devises a strategy to improve his circumstances, he saves money for an apartment and invests in his future. While wealth can lead to happiness and success, it can also steer individuals toward negative paths.
The protagonist in Fitzgerald’s book is Gatsby, a wealthy man who believes that using his wealth will win the affection of Daisy. Despite knowing that this is not the right approach to love, he also believes that his money can bring him success and happiness. He is convinced that his wealth will help him win Daisy’s love once again. Gatsby is known for hosting extravagant parties every Saturday, where guests are unaware of his true identity and the reason behind the celebrations. During the early 1920s, partying was beloved by everyone in New York City.
Additionally, Daisy is enchanted by luxurious things and enjoys partying, but deep down, she remains loyal to her husband. Consequently, Gatsby’s plan fails because it does not involve reciprocated love. The concept of rugged individualism may not be apparent, but it can be seen in Gatsby’s desire to use his wealth to make his dreams a reality, which ultimately proves unsuccessful. Despite his attempts to capture her attention through extravagant parties and lavish possessions like his expansive estate, Gatsby cannot achieve his aspirations with Daisy. In her book, Lorraine Hansberry explores the theme of dreams.
In the play A Raisin in the Sun, the main characters all have their own dreams that they hope to achieve. The Younger family faces various challenges as they strive to fulfill these dreams. Walter, the head of the household, desires to provide a comfortable life for his family without any financial constraints. Beneatha, Walter’s sister, aspires to become a doctor. Meanwhile, their mother simply wants what is best for their family. Despite encountering obstacles and experiencing conflicts within the family, including tensions with his wife, Walter and the others learn valuable lessons along the way.
Mama always had the final say, and when it came to making an important decision, it had to be Mama’s way. She insisted that Walter reject a profitable offer in order to avoid moving to an all-white neighborhood. This incident taught Walter that his son, Travis, sees him as the leader of the family, and that his choices will influence his son’s beliefs. Walter didn’t want his son to think that this kind of situation is acceptable.
Throughout the book, he strongly desired money to support his family, acquire a new house, purchase pearls for his wife, and provide a better life for his son.
Although Walter did not earn the money, it was solely obtained through his father’s life insurance. He made no contribution towards acquiring it. In the book, Walter symbolizes rugged individualism by stubbornly refusing to acknowledge that accepting the check would help fulfill white people’s goal of preserving an all-white neighborhood. This is contrary to perceiving it as a result of his own diligent efforts.
No one should be compelled to reside in a particular location due to their racial background. By rejecting the offer, Walter acknowledges that he must exert more effort to provide for and empower his family in a constructive way. Instead of opting for the convenient path of accepting the insurance payment, he decides against it. Despite its allure, Walter opts to later convey to his son that he earned every cent that preserved their family’s unity.
In America today, we encounter challenges with individuals who do not embody the concept of “rugged individualism”, also known as the American Dream. Some people think that achieving lifelong goals does not need any effort or difficulties. However, those who become millionaires are the results of unyielding hard work and dedication in their quest for success. Anything worthwhile must be fought for, and this journey includes hurdles and setbacks. Nonetheless, it ultimately comes down to a personal decision of perseverance and determination rather than surrendering.
In history, different methods have been used to depict historical events, but they all acknowledge the impact of the American system. As Americans, we value the opportunities and liberty offered by our country. The three mentioned books illustrate individuals utilizing these chances to improve their lives, reflecting President Herbert Hoover’s idea of “rugged individualism.”
Hoover defines rugged individualism as the belief in self-sufficiency and avoiding dependence on government assistance. However, I believe that rugged individualism encompasses not only those who are financially independent but also individuals who possess determination and steadfastness in their own thoughts. As I analyze the three books, each author portrays rugged individualism through the challenges and choices faced by their characters.
