Anglerfish 1.
Anglerfish
Physical appearance.
Scientifically known as Linophryne arborifera, the anglerfish is named as such because of how it catches its food. The fish’s main features are an enormous head and a bizarre appearance that make it look like a character in horror movies. Its eyes are bulging, its mouth is crescent-shaped, and its belly is white and flat. The body and head shapes are not distinctly outlined because there are many skin flaps all over the fish. The anglerfish’s gills are located around the pectoral fins, and above the pectorals are the dorsal fins. There are separate rays running from the midline portion of the head up to the body’s anterior portion.
The deep-sea anglerfish’s teeth, which are inclined inward in some species, and jaw are enormous, enabling it to swallow other fishes double its size. In most of its types, the mouth runs all the way to the back of the head. It obtains food using its dorsal fin, which has a luminous bait at the tip that attracts its prey. The luminous bait is comprised of millions of bacteria that emit light. The dorsal spine is a distinct feature of the female anglerfish. This fish can grow to as much as 18 inches in length, with flexible and thin bones. Its colors tend to be black, dark brown, or gray.
Unlike other fish that live in the shallower parts of the ocean, the anglerfish has lights at the top and bottom of its head. The light on top of the head is similar to a fishing rod, while the illumination on the bottom is comprised of many large lights. Obviously, these lights are essential to the anglerfish because of where they live.
Anglerfish 2
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Types.
The anglerfish has about 200 species, among which are:
Common Blackdevil.
The Common Blackdevil or the Humpback Angler lives in the deep waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. The female fish is about 18 cm long, with huge, dagger-like teeth that it uses for catching and eating large prey. This fish has small eyes and a poor sense of smell. The male, about one-third the size of the female, does not have teeth and attaches to the female using special hooks. Once the eggs are fertilized, the male swims away from the female.
Sargassum fish
The Sargassum fish is a type of frogfish that lives on rafts of seaweed. It uses its pectoral fins to stay around the rafts. The Sargassum fish is well camouflaged because of its variable color and mottled skin pattern.
Regan’s Angler
This type of angler lives in the deep. It is different from other anglerfish because of its unpigmented skin, giving it a very pale color. Its teeth, unlike other deep-sea anglers, are very small. The Regan’s Angler’s spines are below the mouth and above its eyes. In this type of species, the male ones become attached to the female body permanently.
Polka-dot batfish.
The Polka-Dot batfish is considered to have the oddest shape among all anglerfish. The fish has limb-like pectoral fins and pelvic fins that it uses to walk on the seabed in search of food.
Anglerfish 3.
Unlike other anglerfish, the Polka-Dot’s lure is short. Of all the anglerfish species, the Polka-Dot is sluggish and prone to danger despite its camouflage skin.
Coffinfish.
The Coffinfish, sometimes referred to as Seatoad, is native to Australia and can be found on muddy seabeds in the deep. It resembles a pink balloon with tiny spines covering its body. The Coffinfish is capable of inflating itself to appear bigger.
Habitat.
Deep in the ocean, where the sun’s rays can’t reach, the environment is very hostile. The water pressure is very strong and the oxygen supply is scarce. Despite the inhospitable conditions, the anglerfish lives and thrives in the deep, about one mile or 5280 feet, almost at the bottom of the sea. There are some species, though, that live in shallower waters, mostly on the seabed.
Anglerfish can be found anywhere in the world.
Predation.
The fish usually has three filaments growing from its head, which are part of the anterior dorsal fin. These filaments are detached from the fin and modified in such a manner that they resemble a rod. The rod-like structure is movable and can be wiggled to resemble prey.
Being endowed with a distended jaw, stomach, and large teeth, the anglerfish can eat crabs and lobsters. Other things it eats are shrimp, clams, worms, mussels, other fish, and snails. On the food chain, nothing preys on the anglerfish, probably because of how big and powerful its jaws and teeth are. Even sharks wouldn’t dare eat this fish. Aside from the big prey, the anglerfish also feeds on sand eels, dogfish, haddock, and flatfish.
Anglerfish 4.
Adaptation.
The male and female anglerfish are similar in size when their habitat is not in the depths of the ocean. However, this is not the case in the deep. The male anglerfish in these parts of the ocean is very small compared to its female counterpart. Throughout its lifetime, it attaches itself to a female anglerfish by biting its body. Through the male’s mouth, their bloodstreams become connected, making the male anglerfish a parasite for life. Once the male is connected to a female, the rest of its body degenerates, except for the testes. The male first loses its eyes, then its internal organs, until it becomes nothing but a sperm source. A female anglerfish can have more than one male attached to its body.
Reproduction and Life Cycle.
For deep-sea dwelling anglers, their mating is different from their counterparts. The males are born with a very strong sense of smell used to track the scent of a female. It would seem that the primary purpose for this male fish is to become a reproductive tool since its organs, except for the testes, will degenerate upon adulthood. Upon reaching adulthood, its main goal would be to find a female it can latch itself onto since its digestive tract would start to collapse, making it incapable of independent feeding. When it finds a female, the male’s entire system, except for its reproductive organ, would collapse. The reproductive organ would respond to the release of an egg in the female body by releasing sperm, resulting in the fertilization of the egg.
The anglerfish breeds in spring until early summer, and its eggs are covered in large, gelatinous masses that float near the ocean surface. When the egg hatches, the fish stays near the surface for a time before migrating to the sea bed or deep ocean.
References.
Anglerfish. Kingdoms of Ocean Life. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from.
http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0oGkwpvLqFItSoAHLlXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTByYWZxb2
M3BHNlYwNzcgRwb3MDNQRjb2xvA3NrMQR2dGlkAw-
/SIG=12mv26882/EXP=1218609135/**http%3a//stadium.weblogsinc.com/divester/files/
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Improved version:
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Anglerfish_spread.pdf
All the Sea Home Page. Angler Fish. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from.
http://www.allthesea.com/Deep-Sea-Fish-Angler-Fish.html
Anglerfish Fishy Facts. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from http://www.promotega.org/wga07007/page14.html.
National Geographic. Anglerfish. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from.
http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/anglerfish.html
The anglerfish. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from.
http://www.worsleyschool.net/science/files/angler/fish.html
Teachers’ Domain: Anglerfish. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resources/tdc02/sci/life/stru/angler/index.html
Geocities. Anglerfish. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from.
http://www.geocities.com/TimesSquare/Castle/7089/anglinfo.html
The sea. Monsters of the deep. Retrieved August 12, 2008, from.
http://www.seasky.org/deep-sea/angler.html
