Research Assignment into Strategic Management at Cineworld Plc

As I have chosen Cineworld Plc as a suited organisation for transporting out my research. I am traveling to compose my assignment as follow harmonizing to given undertakings.

1.1 Company background-history:

The Cine-UK concern was founded in 1995 by a senior direction squad including Steve Wiener, the current Chief Executive. Since so, the squad has been responsible for Cineworld ‘s development from a start-up to one of the taking film groups in the UK – in footings of sites, screens and admittances. The cocompany operates a modern estate with 85 % of the portfolio screens being built since 1996.

The direction has pursued a clearly defined scheme of developing or geting films in cardinal locations that satisfy a figure of rigorous standards, including local population demographics and the propinquity of other leisure installations.

Cine-UK ‘s first manifold film was opened in Stevenage in July 1996. Between 1996 and October 2004, the Group opened 34 manifold film, more than any other exhibitioner in the UK, with an sum of 384 screens and an norm of more than four new multiplexes per twelvemonth.

In October 2004, the Blackstone Group, acquired the Cine-UK concern from a pool of private equity investors, with the direction squad reinvesting a proportion of their involvements in the concern.

Three months subsequently, in December 2004, Cineworld completed the acquisition of UGC. At the clip, UGC was the largest film operator in the UK after Odeon UCI, with its sum of 408 screens in 42 film. As a consequence of the acquisition, Cineworld became the 2nd largest UK film operator, both in footings of screens and film. All of the UGC film have since been re-branded and now run under the Cineworld trade name. Following completion of the UGC acquisition Cineworld agreed to dispose of six specified film to turn to concerns raised by the Office of Fair Trading.

Since the UGC acquisition, Cineworld has continued puting in its portfolio, opening an eight-screen multiplex in Bury St Edmunds in November 2005, an 11-screen multiplex in Cheltenham in March 2006, a new 5-screen multiplex in Didcot in May 2007, a 12-screen multiplex in High Wycombe in March 2008, and a new multiplex in Haverhill in October 2008 ( with other new multiplexes scheduled to be opened subsequently in 2008, 2009 and 2010 ) .

( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cineworldplc.com/about-us/company-history/P1/ ) .

1.2 Present place:

The Group presently operates 75 sites ( including their newest film in Haverhill which opened in October 2008 ) of which 71 are manifold sites with five screens or more

Our portfolio includes five out of the eight highest grossing film in the UK and Ireland including the figure one and two ( Glasgow and Dublin ) .

In 2007, Cineworld accounted for 45 million admittances and had grosss of ?285.3 million and an Net incomes Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ( EBITDA ) before exceeding points of ?52 million ( excepting sites sold during 2007 ) .

( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cineworldplc.com/about-us. )

1.3Company mission/vision:

“ Our doctrine has been to supply a modern, clean environment that makes “ cinema traveling ” a enjoyable experience, which in bend encourages frequent return visits. We aim to test a broad pick of movies, designed to appeal to a assortment of age groups and to supply a high degree of client service across our scope of merchandises and services ” .

1.4 Present objectives/Goals:

1. Cineworld presently holding some objectives/goals, which they have to accomplish for the prosperity of the company.
2. Introduce the handiness of movie content
3. Improve hapless movie scheduling
4. To change over into digital transition
5. Use Alternative medias.
6. Update Advancement of engineering
7. Compete with UK and planetary economic rhythms
8. Produce the Availability of capital
9. Compete with new rivals
10. Safe to loss cardinal direction
11. Use up to day of the month Governance ordinances and actions
12. Introduce new engineering for the safety of clients against Terrorism.

1.5 Present schemes:

From the clip the Cineworld Group was founded in 1995, the doctrine has been to supply a modern, clean environment that makes “ cinema traveling ” a enjoyable experience, which in bend encourages frequent return visits. Auditorium infinite has been optimised, enabling the showing of a broad pick of movies, all of which are designed to appeal to a assortment of age groups and to supply the highest degrees of client service across an enhanced scope of merchandises and services.

Following the UGC acquisition, in 2004 Cineworld has pursued a scheme of maximizing benefits from the combination of the Cine-UK and UGC concerns, and turn overing out the best patterns across its expanded portfolio of film. Today, Cineworld has consolidated its place as one of the taking film groups in the UK, in footings of sites, screens and admittances by following schemes.

1. Turning box office gross
2. Increasing retail spend per client
3. Increase other gross watercourses
4. Continuing to turn the estate through selective new gaps, enlargements and acquisitions.

Undertaking 2:

2.0 PESTEL Analysis:

Now in this portion of my assignment as it is required to make PESTEL analysis for my chosen organisation ( as it is Cineworld Plc ) .

Basically PESTEL stands for Politically, Economic, Social, technological, Environmentally and Legal. PESTEL analysis is used by organisations to do schemes after analyse external environment in which they operates or will be operate. More over PESTEL analysis helps administrations to analyze merely external environment non internal. ( Please see appendix 1 ) for farther information about PESTEL )

Now I am traveling to explicate that how Cineworld would do its schemes by utilizing PESTEL analysis.

Political:

Due to Political analysis I explain here how political technique will act upon Cineworlds schemes. Cineworld ‘s schemes will be affected due to the Global, national, regional, local and community tendencies. UK ‘s current politician can impact Cineworld ‘s schemes because politician can amend statute laws, which will effects Cineworld schemes.

Cineworld Plc is adhering all political regulations and ordinances harmonizing UK statute laws. I found from interview of one of the Cineworld ‘s employee that to prosecute these regulations Cineworld have healthy and safety director in Bradford site, who is pull offing 10 more sites around Bradford other than these there are all directors on all sections who make certain all regulations are being following. Cineworld paying at that place corporate revenue enhancement in clip that is why authorities is happy with their policies. They take attention of the Employment Torahs of those countries where they work. So, political factors do n’t impact the Cineworld by supplying them good services and installations.

Economыв

Economical is besides one of the PESTEL analysis techniques, which can help Cineworld to do their up to day of the month scheme. Economic technique used by Cineworld to see universe, national and local tendencies, and alterations to do the schemes after analyzing external fortunes. Cineworld will besides see its economic status to do new schemes.

Cineworld has been a successful organisation under all fortunes of economical factors. Economy usually effects the organisations but this is because of the scheme of the Cineworld, they are traveling high. They have helped the society of the specific countries where they work by giving them occupation and using them in their organisation. Workers non merely come here, the trainers of the Cineworld Plc are developing them all. Cineworld is besides doing new and new schemes, for illustration Cineworld is one of the top Cinema in UK which is demoing highest Bollywood films due to the high Asiatic population and this scheme makes Cineworld alone Cinema in the UK for this they besides need to Asian employees which will assist economically.

Sociable:

Social technique is besides demoing to Cineworld that how they can do their schemes by analyzing how society and civilization is developing. If people ‘s behavior is change toward watching film so evidently Cineworld demand to alter their schemes so that they can alter public behavior for watching more and more films.

Socially Cineworld is demoing particularly kids films on Saturday forenoon this scheme makes Cineworld besides unique from their rivals in the UK. They besides show classical films, which is largely in on Saturday as good.

Technological:

Technological is the technique which Cineworld will utilize to development: computing machine hardware, package, application, other equipment stuff, merchandises and procedures etc, merely to analyze external affects to do new schemes to vie in the market.

Technologically Cineworld is utilizing up to day of the month 3D engineering Cineworld was one of the first purchaser of that new innovated engineering to ease the clients in the right and best manner. It is ever hard to utilize the new invention but the direction has those people in their staff who educate the remainder of the worker to acquire the know how of that engineering.

Cinewold ‘s engineering is far better than other rivals but less than IMAX because IMAX consequence on 3D is better than Cineworld, they have to better this scheme.

Legal:

Before doing any scheme Cineworld Plc besides need to cognize non merely U.K ‘s legal deductions but besides universes and European brotherhood, national statute law alterations and chances every bit good. Legal issues can impact Cineworld ‘s schemes for the development of the administration.

Legally Cineworld is doing schemes to demoing films separate for grownup people like horror films where under 18 twelvemonth old kids ‘s are non allowed to watch those films although Cineworld is non really rigorous but they are seeking to strict.

Environmental:

Environmental technique will besides utilize by Cineworld to do schemes after analyzing external factors. Environmental analysis includes Global, European brotherhood, national, local issues, force per unit areas and motions of the populace and governmental sectors, environment besides include public sentiments as good, which will impact their schemes. These all will impact Cineworlds to do new schemes in the long or short tally. For illustration if there is local issues such as work stoppages so Cineworld have to amend their scheme due to those factors.

Environmentally Cineworld are seeking to promote their clients to convey their spectacless for watching 3D films who have already seen one time 3D film, otherwise they might hold to pay 80 pence for the spectacless following clip to watch that film. This scheme they had to do because environmentally they were severely impacting due to significant sum of spectacless, which were being recycling.

2.1 Porter ‘s five forces analysis:

The five forces model helps place the beginnings of competition in an industry or sector. Porter ‘s five forces model was originally developed as a manner of measuring the attraction ( gain potency ) of different industries. ( Johnson ‘s, Scholes. K, Whittington. R. PP 78 ) .

Lapp like this porter ‘s five forces model will assist Cineworld Plc the beginnings of competition in an industry.

I am traveling to analyze Cineworld ‘s competition in an industry through porter ‘s five forces templet, which was required to utilize from us. Please happen below porter ‘s analysis.

FIVE Forces ANALYSIS -CINEWORLD PLC ANALYSIS

Force

Issues

Potential Impact

( Positive, Negative, No Impact )

Competitive Competition

1. e.g: – Number of Competitors, High Switching Costss
2. Industry growing rate may impact competition.
3. Negative
4. High fixed costs in an industry, possibly through capital strength.
5. Negative

Menace of New Entry

1. e.g: – Capital Requirements
2. Access to provide or distribution channels
3. Positive
4. Customer or supplier trueness
5. Positive

Menace of Substitution

1. e.g: – Buyer Inclination
2. There could be product-for-product e.g. , e-mail subbing for a postal service.
3. Negative
4. There may be permutation of demand by a new merchandise or service, rendering an bing merchandise or service redundant.
5. No impact

Buyer Power

1. e.g: – Low Switch Costss
2. There is a menace of the provider being acquired by the purchaser and/or the purchaser puting up in competition with the provider.
3. Negative
4. There is a concentration of purchasers,
5. Positive

Supplier Power

1. e.g: – Differentiation of inputs
2. The exchanging cost from one provider to another is high.
3. Negative
4. There is concentration of providers instead than a model beginning of supply.
5. Positive

2.2 Stakeholders impact analysis:

Stakeholders are those persons or groups who depend on the administration to carry through their ain ends and on whom, in bend the administration depends.

A stakeholder analysis is an attack that is often used to place and used to place and look into force field formed by group or single to accomplishment of the aim of an administration. Stakeholder analysis find the manner in which stakeholder may act upon the administration or may be influenced by its activities, every bit good as its attitude towards the administration and its marks.

Stakeholders impact analysis of Cineworld Plc I have analyse as follow.

2.3 Strategic Objectives and Stakeholder Impact Analysis

Cardinal Future Strategies of the Administration: –

1. Business enlargement in future.
2. Revelry competition.
3. Low degree of geartrain.
4. Target market enlargements.

The benefit of battle with Key Player Stakeholders ( High Impact, High Interest )

Stakeholder I -Shareholders

1. Increase capital
2. Decentralized powers
3. Improve organisational schemes.

Stakeholder II – Directors

1. Better outcomes/ public presentation.
2. Accomplishment of organisational ends.
3. Better good will.

The hazard of non battle with Key Player Stakeholders ( High Impact, High Interest )

Stakeholder I -Shareholders

1. Distribution of powers
2. Lack of capital.
3. Lack of organisational schemes.

Stakeholder II – Directors.

1. Better results.
2. Loss of good will.
3. Loss of organisational accomplishments.

Undertaking 3:

3.0 Measuring the company ‘s resources and competencies:

For measuring the company ‘s resources and competencies I am traveling to utilize give templet, which is as follow.

Core competences are the activities that underpin competitory advantage and are hard for rivals to copy or obtain whereas threshold competencies are the activities and processes demands to run into clients minimal demands and hence to go on to be.

Unique resources that underpin competitory advantage and are hard for rivals to copy or obtain whereas threshold resources needed to run into clients minimal demands and hence to go on to be.

3.1 Analyzing the Strategic Capability of an Administration

Administration: – Cineworld Plc

Strategic Capability

Wayss to Construct on the Competency/Resource

Competences

Core Competences

Unlimited film card To make a loyal client base and bring forth a fixed gross during off-season. Capability to supply better client services and after-sale service. designed to appeal to a assortment of age groups and to supply a high degree of client service across Cineworld ‘s scope of merchandises and services.

Threshold Competences

1. Highest Bollywood films demoing Cinema.
2. To carry through the Asiatic Customer demand ( particularly in Asiatic client concentrated parts ) .
3. Movie for juniors
4. Better selling and selling accomplishments

Resources

Unique Resources

Book ticket online by solo card and take part in free ticket lottery. Marketing online. E-mail selling and direct monthly magazine to registered clients Cheap but good quality merchandising merchandises. Cineworld monthly base on balls and Bargain Tuesdays. Cineworld ‘s grants for selling comestibles and drinks.

Threshold Resources

Fiscal resources e.g. , capital, hard currency debitors and creditors and providers of money ( stockholders, bankers etc ) . Through issues new portion on right clip for illustration Labours and finance. Through purchasing new works and machinery and enlisting of new labor.

3.2 SWOT Analysis:

A SWOT analysis will summarize the cardinal issues from the Cineworld ‘s Plc environment and the strategic capableness of Cineworld that are most likely to impact on their scheme development.

SWOT stands for strength, failing, chances and strengths of any administration. Now I would wish to analyze Cineworld ‘s strengths as follow.

Strengths:

Cineworld ‘s one of the great strength is its recent trade with NEC for spread outing concern that trade is as follow. Cineworld agrees to dual Digital Estate to capitalise on major 3D movie releases this twelvemonth. Cineworld plc ( the “ Company ” ) , the UK ‘s merely quoted film concatenation, is delighted to denote that it has signed an understanding with NEC, to duplicate the figure of digital screens across its estate which is good strength for its success. The trade is to get 74 farther digital projectors at a entire cost of circa ?4m, which is included the equipment and installing costs. By April 2009 Cineworld plans to hold a sum of 148 digital screens fitted and Operational across its full estate, supplying 1 in 5 screen with digital capableness. In add-on, this dealing will make the largest 3D estate of any film concatenation in the UK. Cineworld will utilize engineering from Real D, the universe leaders in 3D, in 144 of its digital screens enabling it to demo 3D films to 40,000 clients at any one clip.

Because Cineworld has merely 75 sites but have 775 screens all about United Kingdom, So by norm on every site there are 10 screen which are non excessively bad its average Cineworld can give good Service to its clients from its bing sites as comparison to its rivals.

After reading at that place recent interim study I found that Cineworld ‘s direction is to the full confident for accomplishing best Cinema award and this direction assurance is besides great strength of Cineworld.

Movies for junior is besides one of the strength of Cineworld which they are demoing for childs and this is merely particular offer sole to Cineworld film and this scheme is set uping film traveling civilization among the coming coevals.

Failings:

For the interest of Cineworld ‘s failing I personally conducted interview one of the Cineworld ‘s employee. He told following failings of Cineworld ‘s Plc.

There is non proper public presentation direction system in Cineworld at the minute but they are seeking to do new schemes to get by this job. Cineworld besides do n’t hold detailed program yet due to this ground Cineworld should do new scheme to recruiter more gross revenues people. Customer service staff has deficiency of proper preparation and for this purpose Cineworld late started give proper staff preparation.

Opportunities:

Local rivals have hapless quality screens as comparison to Cineworld which is good chance for Cineworld Plc. Cineworld Plc besides can widen their concern to overseas every bit good which will besides good chance for Cineworld Plc.Cineworld besides could develop new merchandises in the market for this Cineworld can present new web presence, the negotiable bundle includes extra online activity, inclusion in e-shot runs, an on-screen and in-foyer Television presence.

Cineworld is offering a opportunity for a selected trade name to make 1000000s of UK film departers through trade name exposure on its web site. Cineworld has appointed Filmology, the UK ‘s first dedicated film selling company, to happen a suited patron. Cineworld has 74 film throughout the UK and Ireland and its web site, generates several hundred million page positions per twelvemonth which is besides good chance.

Cineworld is besides Sponsoring The Edinburgh International Film Festival which is besides better chance for Cineworld Plc, which will heighten their good will in the market and pull new and rival clients.

Menaces:

Because most of the sites of Cineworld is close to metropolis Centre where easy entree to coachs or trains Stationss due to this ground at the minute Cineworld do n’t hold its ain parking installations at the minute, which is large menace for Cineworld from its rivals.

Cineworld besides need to vulnerable reactive onslaught by major rivals like IMAX.

It is besides critical for Cineworld to keeping of the cardinal staff they need to do scheme, which can get the better of this approaching menace.

Terrorist onslaughts are besides large menace for Cineworld Plc, they need to extra attention and hire security for this menace and for this Cineworld is already concentrating on security and they do non let transporting big bags.

3.3 Key factor of success

Success is an accomplishment and mission of an organisation. Companies are successful when they get good net incomes in the market. Cineworld Plc is no uncertainty one of the most successful organisations of the UK that has been gaining net incomes in Millions. There are ever some factors, which help the organisations to be successful and profitable organisations, which are as follow.

1 ) . Money:

This is one of the most of import facets of the success of the concern. If an organisation wants to be a successful organisation, it should hold adequate money involved in doing the form of good concerns. Sometimes, reaching of rival becomes concern for the company. Sudden planning helps them to undertake the state of affairs. The most of import manner is to moo the awards to pull the clients in Cinema.

2 ) . Customer ‘s satisfaction:

Customer satisfaction is besides one of the cardinal factors of success particularly for Cineworld Plc where many reaching companies are in the market. If two or three indistinguishable merchandises have the same sort of benefits but monetary values are different, clients, evidently, tries to take the merchandise, which is the cheapest of all. This shows that monetary values are besides the manner which can work out the job of the clients, as Cineworld Plc are supplying services bit low monetary values as comparison to equal its obvious that clients are more likely satisfy with Cineworld.

3 ) . Quality:

It has been mentioned many times in this assignment that quality should be the chief portion of an organisation for their long permanent success. Most of the clients do n’t compromise on quality. This is besides a really of import portion of marketing mix.

Cineworld have no uncertainty a really good quality criterion. They ever serve the clients high standard merchandises. This is one of the of import countries of the success of Cineworld Plc.

4 ) . Product or service development:

It is really necessary to maintain the merchandises and services up to day of the month with the transition of clip. If organisations do n’t convey invention in their Fieldss, they get ruined, so, merchandises and services should be developed with the changing of clip.

As Cineworld used to function specific services to the clients but now they have become market giant in the field of leisure ‘s industry by supplying different sort of services harmonizing to the client demands ( like by supplying inside stores etc ) .

Undertaking 4:

Before making new corporate schemes I would wish to explicate foremost of all, What is corporate and functional schemes are fundamentally “ Corporate degree scheme is concerned with the overall intent and range of an administration and how value will be added to the different parts ( concern unites ) of the administration ” whereas functional degree scheme is about how to vie successfully in peculiar markets ” . Equally far as Cineworld is concern I would wish to bring forth following two new corporate Schemes. To be best UK-based Cinema and besides expand concern to worldwide. To understand clients better than rivals. Following are some related functional schemes to implement above two mentioned schemes.

4.0 Related functional schemes capableness of the company:

1 ) National and international selling scheme:

For the intent of carry throughing first corporate scheme Cineworld needs to make national and international selling to their bing client groups and new clients better than their rivals. For this scheme Cineworld needs to name new Filmology ( the UK ‘s first dedicated film selling company ) to happen a suited patron.

2 ) Net income maximization scheme:

For the intent of to go best UK-based Cinema and international expension Cineworld besides needs to raise maximal net income so that they can put more to spread outing their concern and selling every bit good. They can raise their net income by following few stairss.

1. Turning box office gross.
2. Increasing retail spend per client.
3. Increasing other gross watercourses.
4. Continue to turn the estate through choosing new gaps, enlargement and ecqusitions.

3 ) Promote relevant makings for support staff scheme:

Developing a sector makings scheme for the school work force. The scheme will:

1. Recognise accomplishments and cognition developed in peculiar functions
2. Enable support staff to construct up a portfolio of units and makings leting transferability of functions across the school and wider Cineworld work force
3. Lead to more focussed preparation and development chances in the hereafter
4. Supply a foundation for increased position and just wages, and
5. Be compatible with the incorporate makings model for the Cineworld ‘s work force.

4 ) 3D Screens enlargement scheme:

For better apprehension of clients demands as comparison to their rivals I would personally urge that Cineworld should present new more and more 3D Screens on their Sites because now a yearss largely people like 3D movies as comparison to simple films, but at the minute Cineworld has deficiency of 3D film screens.

4.1 Action Plans for implementing them:

1. For relevant action programs I would wish to take at least following three sections for implementing above mentioned schemes.
2. Marketing section.
3. Finance section.
4. Human resource section.

4.1.0 Marketing section action programs:

First action program of selling section would be a inquiry like where we are? Then action programs includes following. If program is drawn-out so marketing section needs to cognize and split budget particular for selling intents. Marketing section demands to put numerical marks and clip bounds, so that they can quantitatively mensurate the consequences of implementing selling program. Action program should be on a regular basis assess advancement during the twelvemonth. invariably adjust ends to reflect alterations in market status. For illustration, to mensurate a publicity program Cineworld need “ beginning ” clients by inquiring them what drew them to our peculiar Cinema and by maintaining path of how much money they spend. Marketing section besides need to reach with different media beginnings which are fast dependable and easy entree to present their new services due to which, they can coerce new clients to come Cineworld alternatively traveling to anywhere else.

4.1.1 Finance section action program:

Cineworld besides need to raise maximal financess for implementing supra mentioned two corporate schemes because its non easy undertaking to go no 1 Cinema in UK and besides expand their concern around the universe, so they need to make following action programs. Cineworld demand to better their system of updating economic and financial projections. Monitor conformity by section bureaus with value-for-money model. Abroad rating of selected programme outgo under their current handiness of financess. ( For using the concern overseas ) . Cineworld besides need to finish the new institutional agreements for internal fiscal ordinances. Support the go oning development and long-run fiscal sustainability.

4.1.2Human resource section action program:

Human resource section is besides really of import section for enlisting qualified and professional employees so that they can present good quality services to their client to do them happy, for this purpose Cineworld demand to implement following action program. Committedness to modernization and alteration. Introduce decently team-working and cross-functional working. HR section besides need to do action program for giving proper preparation to their employee from lower degree to exceed degree to vie with competitory challengers e.g. Odeon. Open enlisting should besides be one of the action programs for human resource section. Competitive virtue base publicities.

4.2 Performance indexs to reexamine and command the strategic program:

The term KPI has become one of the most over-used and small understood footings in concern development and direction. In theory it provides a series of steps against which internal directors and external investors can judge the concern and how it is likely to execute over the medium and long term. Following are few cardinal public presentation indexs for reexamining and commanding the above-named strategic programs of Cineworld Plc. Marketing section KPI Target evaluation points. Gross Cost of sale Finance section KPI. Net nowadays value Cost of capital Human resource KPI Staff keeping. Cost per employee for installations. Balance mark card

Mentions:

Books:

( Johnson ‘s, Scholes. K, Whittington, R “ Exploring corporate scheme ” 7th edition, Pearson instruction limited, England. )

Diaries:

1. Gumbus, A. & A ; Lyons, B. ( Nov. 2002 ) . “ The balanced scorecard at Philips electronics ” . Strategic Finance, Volume 84, Issue 5, pp. 45-50.
2. Amaratunga, D. , Haigh R. , Sarshar, M. & A ; Baldry, D. ( 2002 ) . “ Application of the balance score-card construct to develop a conceptual model to mensurate installations direction public presentation within NHS installations ” . International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, Volume 15, Number 4, pp. 141-151.
3. Johnsen, A. ( 2001 ) . “ Balanced scorecard: theoretical positions and public direction deductions ” . Managerial Auditing Journal, Volume 16, Number 6, pp. 319-330.

Web sites:

1. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cineworldplc.com/about-us/company-history/P1/
2. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cineworldplc.com/about-us
3. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cineworldplc.com/about-us/strategy/
4. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.12manage.com/methods_stakeholder_analysis.html
5. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cineworldplc.com/pressreleases/Cineworld_Doubles_Digital_Estate_-_January_2009.pdf
6. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.modelanswer.co.uk/business/help/pestle-analysis.php

Appendixs: