The two types of cells of the nervous system are
axons and dendrites.
neurons and neuroglia
motor neurons and sensory neurons.
Schwann cells and microglia.
Neurons that conduct impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands are
sensory neurons.
interneurons.
motor neurons.
unipolar neurons.
every neuron has
many axons.
a cell body.
myelin.
a neurilemma.
A myelinated nerve fiber is ______, whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is ______.
gray, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; white, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
white, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; gray, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
white, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord; gray, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord
white, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; red, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
Which cells produce myelin in the brain and spinal cord?
Schwann cells
Astrocytes
Microglia
Oligodendrocytes
Most of the neurons in the brain and spinal cord are
bipolar.
unipolar
multipolar.
nonpolar.
Which of the following neuroglia are not part of the CNS?
Ependymal cells
Astrocytes
Satellite cells
Microglia
Action potentials are related to impulses conducted along an axon in that
many impulses are required to cause one action potential.
active transport of Na+ and K+ are required for impulse conduction but not for an action potential.
impulses are stronger responses than are action potentials.
propagation of a series of action potentials along a nerve cell fiber constitutes an impulse.
If a resting potential becomes more negative, the membrane is
depolarized.
hyperpolarized.
repolarized.
summated.
What is the correct sequence of events along an axon that follows a membrane reaching threshold potential?
1. The membrane depolarizes.
2. Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward.
3. The membrane repolarizes.
4. Potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward.
3, 2, 4, 1
2, 1, 4, 3
1, 2, 4, 3
4, 1, 3, 2
True
False
True
False
True
False
The meninges consist of
the brain and spinal cord.
the membranes that delineate all of the major brain parts.
the pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater.
nerve tracts that run up and down the spinal cord.
Most cerebrospinal fluid is secreted from the choroid plexuses in the
lateral ventricles.
third ventricle.
fourth ventricle.
cerebral aqueduct.
Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence?
Receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effector
Effector, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron
Effector, sensory neuron, receptor, interneuron, motor neuron
Receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
Gray matter of the spinal cord is mostly composed of
interneurons.
cerebrospinal fluid.
axons.
myelin.
The part of the brain that coordinates voluntary muscular movements is the
cerebrum.
brainstem.
cerebellum.
corpus callosum.
Which of the following parts of the mature brain develops from the forebrain?
Midbrain
Pons
Cerebellum
Thalamus
Injury to the visual cortex of the right occipital lobe can cause
partial blindness in the right eye only.
total blindness in the left eye only.
partial blindness in both eyes.
total blindness in both eyes.
The area of skin that sensory nerve fibers of a particular spinal nerve innervate is called a
dermatome.
myotome.
sensory body.
nerve body.
Bob witnesses an auto accident and impulses from the ___________ division of the autonomic nervous system increase his heart rate.
spinal
parasympathetic
sympathetic
cranial
Over a lifetime, the brain shrinks by about ___ percent.
1
5
10
40
True
False
True
False
Sensory receptors include
mechanoreceptors.
chemoreceptors.
photoreceptors.
all of the above.
The sequence of information flow in response to biting into a slice of pizza is
perception, sensation, impulse send to CNS, sensory receptors activated.
sensory receptors activated, impulse sent to CNS, sensation, perception.
impulse sent to CNS, sensory receptors activated, perception, sensation.
impulse sent to CNS, sensory receptors activated, sensation, perception.
Question 28
Another name for pain receptors is
tactile corpuscles.
lamellated corpuscles.
nociceptors.
mechanoreceptors.
As a result of the tympanic reflex,
the bridge of auditory ossicles becomes less rigid.
vibrations are transmitted more effectively to the inner ear.
the malleus is pulled toward the eardrum.
vibrations are transmitted less effectively to the inner ear.
The hearing receptors are most closely associated with the
ampulla.
spiral organ.
utricle.
saccule.
Visual sensations from images focused on the side of the retina are blurred because
there are no rods in this region.
there are more cones than rods in this region.
there are more rods than cones in this region.
the optic disc is located on the side of the retina.
The taste receptor that amino acids such as glutamic acid activate is
sour.
salty.
bitter.
umami.
Movement of hair cells in the semicircular canals signals
sound waves to the brain.
the direction of motion.
the frequency of the sound.
the velocity of the movement.
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
At what age are nearly all bones completely ossified?
Birth
5 years
15 years
25 years
True
False
At a neuromuscular junction
actin and myosin filaments slide past one another.
troponin and tropomyosin exchange places.
neurotransmitters are released.
intercalated discs are synthesized.
A gomphosis is a ______ joint.
fibrous
cartilagenous
synovial
synchondrosis
The buccinator muscle is in the
buttocks.
chest.
bladder.
cheek.
True
False
Which of the following correctly lists the steps of fracture repair in sequence?
A hematoma forms, granulation tissue and fibrocartilage develop, osteoclasts and phagocytes clear away debris, bony callus forms.
A hematoma forms, osteoblasts arrive and produce new bone tissue, osteoclasts and phagocytes clear away debris, granulation tissue forms.
Phagocytes clear away debris, osteoblasts remove damaged bone tissue, and a hematoma forms.
A hematoma forms followed by formation of a bony callus that fibrocartilage replaces.
Movement that brings the foot farther from the shin is a(n)
plantar flexion.
hyperextension.
rotation.
dorsiflexion.
In a child, a vitamin D deficiency results in ______, whereas a vitamin A deficiency results in ______.
pituitary dwarfism; rickets
rickets; retardation of bone development
excess calcium absorption; osteomalacia
soft bones; rickets
Endochondral ossification ______, whereas intramembranous ossification ______.
replaces hyaline cartilage; replaces undifferentiated connective tissue
forms bone in broad, flat areas of the skull; occurs in the limbs
inhibits osteoblast activity; activates osteoclast activity
activates osteoclasts; inhibits osteoblast activity
True
False
Osteoblasts are ______, whereas osteocytes are ______.
bone-forming cells; bone-dissolving cells
mature bone cells; bone-forming cells
bone-forming cells; mature bone cells
bone-dissolving cells; mature bone cells
The increase in the number of motor units activated as a result of more intense stimulation is called
latency.
recruitment.
threshold stimulation.
sustained contraction.
Which of the following describes a female’s pelvis compared to a male’s pelvis?
A cavity that is wider in all dimensions, with lighter bones.
A cavity that is narrower in all dimensions, with lighter bones.
A cavity that is wider in all dimensions, with heavier bones.
A cavity that is narrower in all dimensions, with heavier bones.
Which of the following groups of bones, based on shape, is associated with an incorrect example?
Long bones – forearm bones
Short bones – wrist and ankle bones
Flat bones – thigh bones
Irregular bones – vertebrae
Which of the following is not found associated with spongy bone?
Trabeculae
Osteons
Canaliculi
Osteocytes
Oxygen debt in muscles may develop because of
the inability of respiratory and circulatory systems to supply enough oxygen to skeletal muscles when used strenuously for a minute or two.
the inability of myoglobin molecules to store enough oxygen when skeletal muscles are used strenuously for a minute or two.
too much oxygen used in forming pyruvic acid when skeletal muscles are contracted strenuously for a minute or two.
too high a concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere.
A bone thickens
as a result of cell division in the medullary cavity.
due to increased production of bone matrix by osteoclasts.
as a result of increased activity within the epiphyseal plate.
as compact bone is deposited beneath the periosteum of the diaphysis.
The axial skeleton includes
the upper and lower limbs and pelvic and pectoral girdles.
the skull, hyoid bone, thoracic cage, and vertebral column.
the radius, ulna, carpals, and phalanges.
the femur, tibia, and fibula.
The acetabulum is
a depression in the hip bone that receives the head of the femur.
a protuberance in the hip bone that attaches to the head of the femur.
the prominence of the hip.
the anterior portion of the hip bone.
Transverse tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum are well developed in
smooth muscle fibers.
skeletal muscle fibers.
cardiac muscle fibers.
skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers.
True
False
Classifying joints as synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, or diarthrotic represents
location in the body.
the composition of the joint.
the number of bones that the joint affects.
the degree of movement possible at the joint.
The soleus is a muscle that forms part of the
calf.
buttocks.
thigh.
shoulder.
The skin appears yellowish if a person eats too much
collagen.
carotene.
cyanin.
melanin.
Homeostasis is the
inability to keep body weight within normal limits.
room temperature decreasing because a window is open.
ingestion of more food than you need to eat.
tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.
Involuntary muscle tissues are
smooth muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue.
cardiac muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue.
smooth muscle tissue and cardiac muscle tissue.
smooth muscle tissue, skeletal muscle tissue, and cardiac muscle tissue.
A cell that can divide to give rise to any cell type is
pluripotent.
multipotent.
totipotent.
a differentiated cell.
In treating a burn patient, the “rule of nines” is used to estimate the
depth of the burn.
surface area of the burn.
degree and source of the burn.
type of scar that will form.
The relationship of osmotic pressure and the number of solute particles in a solution is the
lower the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.
greater the number of solute particles, the lower the osmotic pressure.
greater the osmotic pressure, the lower the number of solute particles.
greater the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.
Epithelial tissue functions in
secretion, absorption, and protection.
contraction, movement, and reflexes.
reacting to stimuli, thinking, and remembering.
nourishing and hydrating tissues.
True
False
Which of the following groups of compounds is hydrophobic?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Skin wrinkles with age because
collagen degrades in the subcutaneous layer as the epidermis shrinks.
fat is lost from the subcutaneous layer and the dermis shrinks.
the number of sweat glands diminishes.
epidermal cells undergo a burst of cell division.
An organic compound always contains
carbon and hydrogen.
oxygen and nitrogen.
carbon and oxygen.
nitrogen and hydrogen.
True
False
The human integumentary system includes
skin, nails, hair follicles, and sweat glands.
the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer.
bones and muscles.
only one type of tissue.
Skin cells play an important role in producing
vitamin A.
vitamin B.
vitamin C.
vitamin D.
Which of the following correctly describes the structural organization of the cell membrane?
A solid, rigid layer of phospholipid with loosely bound protein molecules
A bilayer of phospholipid molecules in which protein molecules are embedded and can move
Rigid layers of protein molecules in which carbohydrate molecules are suspended
Three layers; lipid on the inside, protein in the middle, and carbohydrates (and polysaccharides) on the outside
The arrector pili muscle is attached to
the nail bed.
a sebaceous gland.
the hypodermis.
a hair follicle.
A (An) ______ gland does not branch before reaching the glandular cells or secretory part.
simple
compound
tubular
alveolar
Stages of the cell cycle unfold in the following order:
differentiation, cytoplasmic division, mitosis, interphase
interphase, differentiation, cytoplasmic division, mitosis
interphase, mitosis, cytoplasmic division, differentiation
mitosis, interphase, cytoplasmic division, differentiation
“Cutaneous membrane” refers to
skin.
bones.
cartilage.
mucus.
True
False
A chemical reaction in which parts of different molecules trade positions is a(n)
decomposition reaction.
exchange reaction.
reversible reaction.
synthesis reaction.
Reddened skin reflects
dilated blood vessels with more blood entering the dermis.
eating too many carrots.
inheriting extra melanin.
constricted blood vessels with more blood entering the epidermis.
Which of the following organs is in the abdominopelvic cavity?
The heart
The trachea
The thymus
The liver
True
False
True
False
Metabolism is defined as _____.
the removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions
the breakdown of substances into simpler forms
the taking in of nutrients
all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life
True
False
True
False
Which of the following transport processes does not require expenditure of cellular energy?
Phagocytosis
Active transport
Pinocytosis
Facilitated diffusion
A glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvic acid molecules in
glycolysis.
the citric acid cycle.
gluconeogenesis.
the electron transport system.
Lipids
are insoluble in water.
include phospholipids, cholesterol, and fats.
contain C, H, and O, but with proportionately less oxygen than in carbohydrates.
all of the above.
True
False
Cutaneous carcinomas are usually caused by regular exposure to
X-rays.
gamma radiation.
ultraviolet light.
mutagenic chemicals.
A decomposition reaction can be symbolized by
A + B → C + D.
A + B → AB.
AB → A + B.
C + D → AB.
An active site of an enzyme is
the part of the enzyme that binds ATP.
a sequence of DNA nucleotides that encodes a protein molecule.
the part of a substrate that combines with an enzyme.
the part of an enzyme that combines with a substrate.
Which choice lists structures in order of increasing size?
nitrogenous base – nucleotide – gene – chromosome – genome
nitrogenous base – nucleotide – gene – genome – chromosome
genome – nucleus – chromosome – nucleotide – gene
cell – organelle – tissue – organ
Which of the following is not true of organelles?
They carry on specific activities.
They are only in cells of humans.
They are composed of aggregates of large molecules.
They are found in many types of cells.
Extracellular matrix consists of
ground substance and protein fibers.
fixed cells and wandering cells.
heparin and keratin.
lacunae and lamellae.
True
False
A _______ membrane lines tubes and cavities that open to the outside of the body.
serous
cutaneous
synovial
mucous
The activities of an anatomist consist of ______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of _____.
observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations
studying molecules; observing forms of the body parts
sketching; dissecting
The type of intercellular junction that consists of fused membranes is a(an)
desmosome.
gap junction.
tight junction.
ion channel.
In negative feedback mechanisms changes away from the normal state
stimulate changes in the same direction.
inhibit all body reactions.
stimulate changes in the opposite direction.
stimulate a reduction in all requirements of the body.
True
False
The type of epithelium that secretes into ducts that open onto surfaces like skin or into body fluids is
simple squamous epithelium.
transitional epithelium.
stratified cuboidal epithelium.
glandular epithelium.
Smooth muscle is found in the wall of the
stomach.
intestine.
stomach and intestine.
kidney and liver.
The secondary structure of a protein molecule is the result of
oxygen double bonds.
covalent bonds.
ionic bonds.
hydrogen bonds.
Eccrine sweat glands differ from sebaceous glands
in type of secretion.
in their location.
in whether or not they are associated with hair follicles.
all of the above.
Three general functions of the nervous system are
sensory, motor, and predictive.
integrative, motor, and sensory.
predictive, manipulative, and integrative.
reflexive, sensory, and predictive.
Action potentials are related to impulses conducted along an axon in that
many impulses are required to cause one action potential.
active transport of Na+ and K+ are required for impulse conduction but not for an action potential.
impulses are stronger responses than are action potentials.
propagation of a series of action potentials along a nerve cell fiber constitutes an impulse.
A stimulus great enough to change the membrane potential and propagate an action potential is said to have reached _________.
recruitment
threshold
summation
tetanus
The most rapid conduction of an impulse along an axon occurs on a fiber that is
thick and myelinated.
thick and unmyelinated.
thin and myelinated.
thin and unmyelinated.
The neurotransmitter that controls skeletal muscle contraction is
beta endorphin.
nitric oxide.
acetylcholine.
GABA.
True
False
True
False
The ____________ is the thin meninx attached to the surface of the brain, containing many nerves and blood vessels.
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
subdural mater
Cerebrospinal fluid
informs the autonomic centers in the brainstem and hypothalamus about the internal environment.
provides a pathway for waste to enter the blood.
protects the brain and spinal cord.
all of the above.
The expected response to the triceps-jerk reflex is
flexion of the forearm.
extension of the forearm.
plantar flexion.
plantar extension.
The simplest level of CNS function is the
ability to talk.
ability to work.
spinal reflex.
cerebral reflex.
Which lobe of your brain are you using when you answer this question?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
The ___________ separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
lateral sulcus
central sulcus
longitudinal fissure
transverse fissure
The part of the brain that assigns value to a memory is the
cerebral cortex.
amygdala.
medulla oblongata.
pons.
The somatic nervous system consists of nerve fibers that connect the CNS to the ______, whereas the autonomic nervous system consists of fibers that connect the ______.
skin and skeletal muscles; brain to the spinal cord
visceral organs; CNS to the skin and skeletal muscles
heart and intestines; CNS to the cardiac and smooth muscles
skin and skeletal muscles; CNS to the visceral organs
Aging of the brain begins
before birth.
at birth.
at age 30.
after age 50.
Symptoms of concussion include all except
disturbed sleep.
decreased sensitivity to light and sound.
memory lapse.
balance problems.
True
False
The ability to ignore your socks around your ankles demonstrates
general adaptation.
receptor integration.
interpretive assimilation.
sensory adaptation.
Olfactory receptors, which provide the sense of smell, are
thermoreceptors.
mechanoreceptors.
chemoreceptors.
proprioceptors.
Temperature senses use two types of
chemoreceptors.
proprioceptors.
tactile corpuscles.
free nerve endings.
Which of the following is not a primary taste sensation?
Sweet
Salty
Pungent
Sour
Which of the following is part of the inner tunic of the eye?
Retina
Cornea
Choroid coat
Sclera
Rhodopsin is found in ____ cells.
cone
lens
rod
olfactory receptor
Bitter receptors sense
alkaloids.
acids.
inorganic salts.
carbohydrates.
Glaucoma is usually caused by
clouding of the lens.
clouding of the lens capsule.
accumulation of vitreous humor.
accumulation of aqueous humor.
True
False
Question 34
Referred pain occurs when the brain projects the sensation back to the original source in the body from which the pain originated.
True
False
True
False
True
False
Binding sites on the surface of actin allow the formation of cross-bridges with molecules of
ATP.
myosin.
troponin.
tropomyosin.
True
False
Articular cartilage is
fibrocartilage.
found only in the knees and elbows.
elastic cartilage.
hyaline cartilage.
A joint capsule is reinforced by
tendons binding articular ends of bones together.
articular cartilage cushioning ends of bones.
ligaments binding articular ends of bones together.
hyaline cartilage providing strength to the capsule walls.
Arrange the following steps of muscle fiber contraction in the correct sequence.
1. The muscle impulse reaches the sarcoplasmic reticulum and calcium is released.
2. Thin filaments are pulled over the thick filaments.
3. Calcium floods the sarcoplasm and binds to troponin molecules leaving active sites.
4. The impulse arrives at the synapse and travels through the transverse tubules.
5. The muscle fiber shortens and contracts.
6. Myosin heads bind to exposed active sites on actin, forming cross-bridges.
6, 3, 1, 4, 2, 5
2, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6
4, 1, 3, 6, 2, 5
3, 5, 2, 1, 6, 4
The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is the
epimysium.
perimysium.
endomysium.
sarcomysium.
The capitulum and trochlea are located
at the proximal end of the humerus.
at the distal end of the humerus.
at the distal end of the ulna.
in the hand.
When a muscle undergoes atrophy in response to disuse
there is a reduction in capillary networks.
the size of actin and myosin filaments decreases.
the muscle gets smaller.
all of the above.
True
False
Compact bone has ________, whereas spongy bone has __________.
spaces that reduce the weight of bone; tightly packed matrix that is solid
osteons; trabeculae
trabeculae; osteons
osteocytes; no osteocytes
The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies is a
symphysis that is amphiarthrotic.
symphysis that is synarthrotic.
symphysis that is diarthrotic.
synovial that is synarthrotic.
The amount of oxygen liver cells require to support the conversion of lactic acid to produce glucose or glycogen is the
refractory quantity.
oxygen debt.
anaerobic concentration.
aerobic conversion.
True
False
The hard palate is composed of the
sphenoid and ethmoid bones.
nasal conchae and vomer bones.
zygomatic and lacrimal bones.
maxillary and palatine bones.
Types of fibrous joints include
synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic joints.
syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis joints.
synchondrosis, symphysis, and synovial joints.
pivot, condylar, and ellipsoidal joints.
The muscle that causes an action is the
synergist.
antagonist.
agonist.
mediator.
All of the following are functions of bones except
to protect certain internal organs.
to provide a source for red and white blood cells.
to provide a set point for the control of blood pressure and body temperature.
to store inorganic salts.
True
False
Which of the following statements is correct?
Tropomyosin molecules move and expose specific sites on myosin filaments.
Actin filaments slide along myosin filaments.
Cross-bridges form between actin and the sarcolemma.
Filaments of troponin and tropomyosin slide past one another.
In which of the following is rotational movement possible?
Ball-and-socket joint
Condylar joint
Hinge joint
Pelvic joint
Most of the joints in the ankle and wrist are
hinge joints.
pivot joints.
plane joints.
condylar joints.
Which of the following movements could occur at the hip joint?
Abduction and adduction
Rotation
Flexion and extension
All of the above
The more movable end of a muscle is its
origin.
fulcrum.
insertion.
source.
True
False
The hardness of a nail comes from
carotene.
collagen.
calcium.
keratin.
Involuntary muscle tissues are
smooth muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue.
cardiac muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue.
smooth muscle tissue and cardiac muscle tissue.
smooth muscle tissue, skeletal muscle tissue, and cardiac muscle tissue.
Tendons and ligaments are composed primarily of
dense irregular tissue.
reticular connective tissue.
muscle tissue.
dense regular connective tissue.
A water solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is
acidic.
basic.
alkaline.
neutral.
Nucleic acids are
very small, simple molecules.
structural molecules that have no function other than support.
composed of building blocks called nucleotides.
primary sources of cellular energy.
Which of the following substances increases in abundance during cellular respiration?
Oxygen
Glucose
ATP
Glycogen
Adipose tissue is a form of
epithelium.
muscle.
nervous tissue.
connective tissue.
Which of the following is not correct concerning the skin?
The dermis is usually thicker than the epidermis.
The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium.
The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and the epidermis.
The dermis contains smooth muscle and nervous tissue.
Hypothermia is
associated with exercising vigorously in the heat.
accompanied by fever.
a lowered body temperature.
a form of hair loss.
True
False
“Cutaneous membrane” refers to
skin.
bones.
cartilage.
mucus.
Saturated fats _______ than unsaturated fats.
contain more water
have more glycerol
have more single carbon-carbon bonds
have fewer hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms
A cofactor is ______ and examples are _____.
an inorganic molecule that all enzymes require; cholesterol and calcium
an inorganic molecule that some enzymes require; vitamin B12 and B6
a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc
a molecule that destabilizes substrates; carbonic acid
ATP is important to cellular processes because it
is formed by muscles contracting or whenever cellular work occurs.
provides energy for cellular work when the terminal, high-energy bond is broken.
releases oxygen when high-energy phosphate bonds are broken.
is a by-product of all catabolic reactions.
Bone cells form concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called
osteons.
central canals.
lacunae.
canaliculi.
The anatomical term that indicates a structure close to the surface is
anterior.
proximal.
superficial .
superior.
A burn affecting only the epidermis is a
superficial partial-thickness burn.
deep partial-thickness burn.
second degree burn.
third degree burn.
The tissue through which gases are exchanged between the blood and the air in the lungs is
stratified squamous epithelium.
simple squamous epithelium.
simple cuboidal epithelium.
simple columnar epithelium.
Which of the following happens first after a scab forms?
phagocytic cells remove dead material.
the scab sloughs off.
fibroblasts from the wound edge form new collagenous fibers.
blood vessels send out new branches under the scab.
Cancer can result if
mitosis is too infrequent.
mitosis is too frequent or does not stop.
the cell cycle runs backward.
the cell cycle stops.
A _______ membrane lines tubes and cavities that open to the outside of the body.
serous
cutaneous
synovial
mucous
Chemistry is important to the study of physiology because
the foods that we eat are chemicals.
body functions depend on cellular functions that reflect chemical changes.
chemical reactions enable our bodies to extract energy from nutrients.
all of the above.
What characteristic do simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion share?
Both require cellular energy for the transport of substances.
Both move water across a semipermeable membrane.
Both require a special carrier molecule to move substances across the membrane.
Both move a substance from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration without cellular energy.
Two thieves steal jewelry, and then drop it as they are escaping. The police recover the jewelry, and an officer explains on the evening news that fingerprints were obtained from the back of a watch. The thieves, whose prints are not on file, believe that they can escape prosecution by using acid to remove the epidermis on their fingerpads, so as not to be a match for the fingerprints on the watch. They are wrong because
the prints arise from the subcutaneous layer, which is not destroyed.
the prints arise from friction ridges of the dermis, which are not destroyed.
the epidermis will regrow the friction ridges in a day.
the friction ridges will not grow back in the same pattern.
True
False
True
False
A serous membrane consists of a
layer of simple squamous epithelium and a thin layer of areolar tissue.
layer of pseudostratified epithelium and a thick layer of areolar tissue.
layer of simple squamous epithelium and a thick layer of dense connective tissue.
layer of simple squamous epithelium and a thick layer of cartilage.
What determines the color of skin?
The number of melanocytes in the epidermis.
The thickness of the epidermis.
The amount of melanin that melanocytes produce.
The density of hair.
A) Both require cellular energy for the transport of substances.
B) Both involve the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
C) Both require a special carrier molecule to move substances across the membrane.
D) Both involve the movement of a substance from regions of a higher concentration to lower concentration without cellular energy.
