The body experiences abnormal cell growth, which characterizes cancer. However, it is important to note that cancer is not a single disease but rather a group of various diseases.
Cells in various forms of cancer undergo alterations and uncontrollable growth, resulting in the formation of an abnormal mass or lump known as a tumor.
Tumors possess the capability to detach and metastasize to various body regions, enabling them to continue proliferating in novel areas.
Metastasis is the term used when cancer spreads to different parts of the body, but it keeps its original location’s name. As a result, even if it initially formed in one specific area, that naming persists.
When breast cancer metastasizes to the lungs, it remains classified as breast cancer and should not be confused with lung cancer. The term malignant is synonymous with cancerous.
The term “malignant” is used to refer to cancerous tumors, while “benign” is used for non-cancerous ones.
Benign tumors and cancer have different growth and spread patterns. Benign tumors do not have the ability to grow or spread, so they are not life-threatening. However, certain types of cancers can be especially aggressive.
Leukemia, which does not result in the growth of a tumor, is an instance of cancer. Normally, cancers are named based on the particular body part they impact.
Breast cancer is the primary topic discussed in this article, referring to a type of cancer that begins in the breast tissue.
While breast cancer is common in women, it is rare for men to develop this condition. [Source: Women.com, pp. 6]
Women have glands within their breasts that generate and discharge milk after giving birth, which is the main function of these glands.
The breast is composed of lobules, which are glands that produce milk, and ducts that link the lobules to the nipple.
There are different types of breast tumors, which consist of lobules, ducts, and fatty tissue, as well as connective and lymphatic tissue.
Benign lumps, which are also referred to as non-cancerous lumps, usually form due to fibrocystic changes and are commonly cysts filled with fluid.
The breasts can swell due to fibrosis and scar tissue formation, which is also referred to as fibrocystic changes.
Benign breast conditions can cause breast pain and the formation of lumps. Moreover, individuals may have a nipple discharge that is clear or slightly cloudy.
Tumors in the breast are abnormal growths that remain localized and do not spread or pose a threat to one’s life.
[Lawrence, pp. 54] Breast cancer is the second most prevalent form of cancer among women, with the exception of skin cancer.
Renowned medical professionals anticipate that lung cancer will become the second major cause of cancer-related fatalities among women in the near future.
In the year 2000, there were approximately 184,200 new cases of invasive breast cancer reported in women in this country. Additionally, around 41,200 cases were also reported.
While breast cancer mainly affects women, men are also at risk of developing the disease, although it occurs less frequently in them.
From 1992 to 1996, there was a notable decline in cancer rates, particularly among younger women of different races, including white individuals.
Black cases have decreased, likely due to improved detection and treatment methods, although the specific reasons for this decline remain unknown.
While the exact causes of breast cancer are not known, certain factors increase the risk and can contribute to its development.
Risk factors can differ based on the type of cancer, but generally they are factors that increase the chances of developing a disease.
While some risk factors, like smoking, can be controlled, there are others that cannot be changed, such as age or family history.
[Lee, pp. 124] There are certain factors that can raise the chances of women developing breast cancer.
Extended use of estrogen replacement therapy for 10 years or more has been found to increase the risk of developing the disease, according to research.
sometimes referred to as hormone replacement therapy, utilizing it for alleviating menopause symptoms could potentially elevate the risk of
Women who have used or are currently using hormonal therapy are at a heightened risk of breast cancer, but this risk reverts to normal upon discontinuation of hormonal therapy.
For the general population, replacement therapy reduces the risk of heart attacks within 5 years of stopping ERT.
It is advisable for women to seek medical advice regarding the pros and cons of opting for ERT as it may carry a potential risk of bone fractures.
At present, there is no guaranteed way to prevent breast cancer. Nevertheless, the best strategy currently is to reduce risk factors whenever feasible.
Following the guidelines for early breast cancer detection is crucial, including having a personal or family history of breast cancer.
Around half to sixty percent of women with certain genetic alterations can be provided genetic testing as an option.
(mutations)
Individuals with specific genetic mutations have a higher probability of developing breast cancer before the age of 70. They also have an augmented vulnerability to ovarian cancer.
Testing can identify whether a woman has these mutated genes, but it cannot predict the development of breast cancer in women.
Individuals may face challenges when receiving positive results from genetic testing because of the expensive cost of the test and potential absence of coverage by specific health insurance plans.
When looking for insurance, it is crucial to recognize that getting coverage can lead to higher costs. Therefore, it is vital to thoroughly evaluate the benefits before deciding.
Before conducting tests on the drug tamoxifen, it is crucial to take into account the benefits, drawbacks, and information provided by cancer.com (pp. 11).
Recent research has demonstrated the long-term use of a specific treatment for addressing certain cases of breast cancer. Additionally, it has been discovered that women at an increased risk of developing breast cancer can also benefit from this treatment.
Taking tamoxifen or raloxifene can decrease the likelihood of developing the disease by hindering estrogen’s impact on the body.
Further investigation is required, but studies suggest that raloxifene reduces the risk of breast cancer in breast tissue.
Women with a notably increased risk may choose to use a preventive (prophylactic), given that it has received approval for this particular purpose.
The surgical procedure called mastectomy entails the elimination of one or both breasts before breast cancer is detected.
It is essential to take into account one or more factors when deciding to undergo this type of surgery.
Various factors contribute to the increased risk of developing breast cancer. These factors encompass inheriting mutated genes, a personal history of breast cancer, a significant family history of breast cancer, and receiving a diagnosis.
Reducing the risk of developing breast cancer may necessitate a surgical procedure in certain cases, such as lobular carcinoma in situ.
After the operation, there is no guarantee that cancer will not develop in the remaining small amount of breast tissue.
Early identification of breast cancer is essential for improving the likelihood of effective treatment, as it presents a lesser risk in its early stages.
It is crucial for every woman to follow the early detection guidelines because doing so can lead to the emergence of symptoms linked to breast cancer.
For women over (yearly) years old, it is advised to have an annual mammogram and receive a clinical breast examination by a doctor or nurse.
For women aged 20-39, it is recommended to have a clinical breast exam every three years. However, for those who are 40 or older, yearly exams are advised.
It is advised that women of all ages perform a monthly breast self-examination (BSE) to increase their chances of detecting any potential issues.
The following section provides more detailed information on two methods for early detection of breast cancer. [Vacan, pp. 37]
This paper has discussed several topics related to knowledge acquisition and education, particularly addressing the severity of breast cancer.
Early detection is key in effectively treating breast cancer. Through extensive research, I have acquired a vast amount of information on this specific type of cancer.
The identification, control, and fight against breast cancer are significant issues for numerous women across the globe.
Works Cited
Cancer.com. Cancer Facts. New York: World Wide Web, 1994: 1-16
The book titled “Women in the 90’s” was written by Lawrence H. Feigenbeum and published in Dallas by Jovanovich in 1999.
Lee, Susan A. Women Coping with Breast Cancer. California: Harccurt, 1962
Vacan, Juile. Cancer in Women Today. New York: Teen People, 2000: 25-37
The text “Women.com. Women on the Web. Florida: World Wide Web, 1998: 6-9” was published on the website Women.com in 1998 and can be found on pages 6-9.
