Abstraction
Aim:To research the phytocomponents in the ethanol infusions ofIxoracoccineaLinn leaves utilizing GC-MS analysis.
Methods:About 5 g of dried all right pulverization ofI. coccineafoliages were extracted with ethyl alcohol at room temperature for nightlong, condensed and analysed by GC-MS.
Consequences:The GC-MS analysis of the ethanol infusions ofIxora coccineafoliages resulted in the designation of 7 compounds. The major compounds identified from ethanol infusion were Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-methyl ester, 16 Octadecenoic acid Methyl ester, Heptadecanoic acid 16-methyl methyl quintessence.
Decision:The presence of 16 Octadecenoic acid methyl ester, an eucaryotic Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase inhibitor in the ethyl alcohol foliage infusion concludes the works possesses antitumour and anticancer activity.
Key words:Ixora coccinea, GC-MS analysis, phytochemicals, Rubiaceae.
Introduction
Medicative workss have been of age long redresss for human diseases because they contain constituents of curative value [ 1 ] . Plants are used in modern medical specialty where they occupy a really important topographic point as natural stuff for of import drugs [ 2 ] . However, over the millenary human existences used workss as the beginning of natural drugs.
Ixora coccineaLinn. ( Rubiaceae ) normally known as jungle of geranium and ruddyIxora, is an evergreen bush distributed allover India and Sri Lanka. About 400 species were recorded in the genusIxora, whereas a few are normally cultivated. The works is evergreen multi branched bush of changing highs ( 1.2-3.6m ) [ 4 ] .
In Ayurveda and other folklore medical specialties, assorted workss like flower, root, foliages and root are used as the beginning of drug. Pharmacological surveies suggest that the works possesses antioxidant activity [ 4 ] , anti-inflammatory [ 5 ] , antidiarrheal [ 6 ] , hypoglycaemea [ 7 ] , hepatoprotective [ 8 ] , wound mending [ 9 ] , cytotoxic and anticancer [ 10 ] , antiulcer [ 11 ] have been reported. Besides, a survey showed that tantamount concentrations of methanolic infusion of flower were more efficient in some instances, while in other leaf infusions were more efficient [ 12 ] . This encouraging literature provides a niche for this probe.
There are no published studies worldwide, sing the chemical constituents present in the ethanol infusion ofIxora coccinea, therefore the present probe are carried out. Since ethyl alcohol it is less toxic than methyl alcohol may be a good option and may be every bit effectual in footings of extraction for bioactive compounds [ 13 ] . Hydro ethanolic combinations may cut down usage of volatile/ toxic dissolvers in extraction hereby following a green chemical science attack.
So, the present survey was aimed to look into the possible chemical constituents by first fixing the ethanolic infusion, separation and designation of compounds by subjecting it to GC-MS analysis. This consequences in placing new novel metabolites that can be used as lead molecule for new drug find.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plant Material
Ixora coccineawas collected from college campus, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College, Chennai ( 13.0839° N, 80.2700° Tocopherol ) Tamil Nadu, India and identified by Botany Department of the college. Herbarium was deposited in the departmental herbarium aggregation Centre.
Preparation of infusion
The foliage samples were air dried and powdered in a mechanical bomber. About 5 g of the foliage pulverization was weighted, transferred to flask, treated with 10 milliliters of ethyl alcohol until the pulverization was to the full immersed. Incubate for nightlong and filtered through a Whatmann No. 1 filterpaper. The filtrate is concentrated to 1 milliliters solution which contains both polar and non-polar constituents of the stuffs. About 2µL of the sample solution was employed in GC-MS for analysis of different compounds after filtration.
Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy ( GC-MS ) analysis
For GC – MS analysis, the ethyl alcohol infusion were injected in a JEOL GCMATE II GC-MS ( Agilent Technologies ) with Data system is a high declaration, dual concentrating instrument. Chromatographic conditions were as follows: He as bearer gas, flow rate of 1 mL/min ; and the injector was operated at 110?C and column oven temperature was programmed at 280°C at a rate of 5°C per min injection manner. MS conditions were as follows: Ionization electromotive force of 70eV ; ion beginning temperature 250°C ; mass scope was 45-450 mass units [ 14 ] .
Designation of phytocompounds
Interpretation on GC-MS was carried out utilizing National Institute of Standard and Technology ( NIST ) database which are holding more 62,000 forms. The constituents of the trial stuffs were ascertained by utilizing these libraries [ 15 ] . The spectrum of the trial stuff can be identified by seeking the libraries, tentatively by comparision with compound found in the database.
Consequence
GC-MS is one of the modern techniques to place the bioactive components like volatile affair, long concatenation, branched concatenation hydrocarbons, esters, acids, intoxicants etc. The ethanol foliage infusion ofIxora coccineashowed seven extremums bespeaking the presence of seven compounds. The active rules with their keeping clip ( RT ) molecular expression, molecular weight ( MW ) are presented in Table 1. The GC-MS spectrum confirmed the presence of assorted constituents with different keeping times as illustrated in ( Figure 1 ) . The mass spectrometer analyzes the active compounds eluted at different times to place the nature and construction of the compounds. These mass spectra are fingerprint of that compound which can be identified from the informations library.
The major compounds of the foliage infusion are Penadecanoic acid, 14 methyl, methyl ester ( RT-22.27 ) ; 1,2 Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl cyclohexyl ester ( RT-22.72 ) ; 16 Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester ( RT-23.99 ) ; Heptadecanoic acid, 16 methyl methyl ester ( RT-24.22 ) .
The presence of 16-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester ( Figure-2 ) showed the molecular ion extremum at m/z 296.49, matching to the molecular expression C12Hydrogen36Oxygen2bespeaking two grades of unsaturation in the molecule. 16 octadecenoic acid methyl ester is a monounsaturated fatty acid and it is a positional isomer of oleic acid. The stray bioactive compounds pave manner for farther drug development.
Discussion
The qualitative analysis of bioactive compound with precise information can be obtained by gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy ( GC-MS ) . As herbal readyings have chemical complexness it is really hard to place all of their components. Using these methods their quality and stableness can be easy assessed.
The fingerprinting analysis of ethanol leaf infusion ofIxora coccinearevealed the presence of seven compounds. Whereas Sumathyet al. ,[ 14 ] reported twenty four compounds in the methanol infusion ofI. coccineaflower by GC-MS analysis. This is because most of these secondary metabolites being organic in nature are soluble in ethyl alcohol which is an organic dissolver and non in H2O, a more polar dissolver. Hence successful extraction of phytochemical compounds from works stuff is mostly dependent on the type of dissolver used in the extraction process [ 15 ] . Whereas the traditional therapists make usage of H2O chiefly as a dissolver but this survey has shown that the ethanol infusion contain more pharmacologically active metabolites.
Many of the bioactive compounds that are identified showed that they may possess anticancer activity. Lee Seong Weiet Al. , [ 16 ] showed that the presences of Octadecatrienoic acid, Pentadecanoic acid are responsible to the antimicrobic belongings ofAndrigraphis paniculatainfusion. Whereas Yoshiyukiet al. ,[ 17 ] besides reported that 16-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester selectively suppress eucaryotic DNA polymerase activitiesin vitroconditions. In the present survey revealed the presence of the same molecules in ethanol foliage infusion, which is holding antineoplastic activity. This is on par with our old study that the happening of camptothecin an antineoplastic drug inI. coccinea[ 18 ] . Hence it is concluded that the works possesses antineoplastic activity.
Further survey onin vitroapotopsis trial should be carried out in the close hereafter, before this works can come to a commercial sense in malignant neoplastic disease intervention.
Decision
In the present survey assorted bio-active compounds have been identified from ethanol infusion of theIxora coccineaby Gas Chromatogram Mass spectroscopy ( GC-MS ) analysis which justifies the usage of whole works for assorted complaints by traditional practicians. Based on the consequences obtained, it could be concluded thatIxora coccineacontain assorted bioactive compounds that are holding anticancer activity. Therefore, it is recommended as a works of phytopharmaceutical importance.
Recognition
The Writers are grateful to the Secretary, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College, Mylapore, Chennai for supplying all the installations and support to transport out the work and are besides grateful to Director, SAIF-IITM, for transporting out GC-MS analysis. The writers besides thank Minor Research Project Scheme UGC, New Delhi for their fiscal support throughout the undertaking.
