Chapter 4:
1. What factors have been proposed to explain the tendency to victimize children sexually?
Having sexual interest in children because they want to try or experience having sex with children after habituation with adult pornography, “childification” of women, and objectifying children for sex (because their body is underdeveloped, no pubic hairs).
Men who don’t have sexual interesting children develop interest because of exposure to child pornography and their sexual drives escalate.
2. Consider `contributory factor on page 77. That is, how might exposure to internet pornography reduce the childs resistance to sexual victimization?
The child is aroused due to curiosity and desire to have sex because of what they see on the internet. Also, pornography makes the child think that having sex with an adult or sex itself is normal for their age.
Chapter 14:
1. What is the methodology used to study online hate?
They made use of internet research by inputting some keywords associated with online hate. They arrived at several journals. They also went through forums, discussion boards and chat room to obtain samples of how online hate were demonstrated.
2. What is the impact of storytelling as a method of persuasion?
Storytelling is powerful that it can lead to recruitment of new hate group members or to indoctrinate the members of a hate group. Storytelling has been effective in persuasion for online hate. It includes explicit and implicit messages which have become effective in persuading people.
3. What are the public policy implications of online hate?
Parents and guardians can hasten internet security to filter the sites their children go to. There has also been a legislation passed to protect children from online hate by filtering posted messages on the internet.
Chapter 18:
1. Describe how social ecological perspective evaluates the role of intrapsychic variables when analyzing juvenile responsibility?
Social ecological perspective evaluates the personal and situational influences of the juvenile and his behavior and the historical and current context being a part of his development to look for the best solution to preventing juvenile behavioral problems and give rightful punishment to straighten the juvenile.
2. What is the influence of neurobiological factors?
It provides physical explanation to the behavior of a juvenile. There are parts of the brain which is linked to different behaviors like aggression and other impulses. The neurobiological factors help to understand the behavior and to analyze which method will become applicable to help address delinquent behaviors.
3. What type of factor is a neurobiological factor within an ecological model?
It is an individual factor
4. What other factors are important? What is the general conclusion of the article?
Other important factors include family, peer influence, neighborhood, school, media, social controls and situational influences. The general conclusion is that the behavior of a juvenile is affected by many factors and it is complex so there should be considerations of the ecological factors to understand and analyze juvenile behavior.
Chapter 20:
1. Describe 3 methods of assessment of psychopathy.
The PCL-R consists of questions which assesses behavior and personality. There are scores which were appropriated based on the answers. It considers two factors– interpersonal and affective dimension and antisocial lifestyle.
The PCL-YV is a modification of the PCL-R. It also adopts the method of PCL-R, answering questions and scoring them. PCL-YV is the youth version of PCL-R
There are other assessment methods include structured interviews in which the individual is subjected to an interview with series of question relating to the individual’s personal life, views, etc.
2. Identify the main characteristics of psychopathic youth?
Psychopathic youth are inclined to substance abuse, they have “egoistic utilitarian” type of reasoning, may have suffered child abuse or received poor parenting, experienced institutional violence/offense, and are involved in crimes.
3. What do the authors conclude is the most prudent course of action given the stigma attached to this kind of diagnosis?
The most prudent course would be to restrict the applications of the construct or the ideas to research settings, not actual settings, pending additional studies that assess the stability of the disorder over a person’s life and its amenability to a range of prevention, treatment and management approaches.
