Chemistry Essay Examples Page 26

Archaea in the Ancient Past From fossil evidence, scientists say that 3.5 billion years ago the oldest known living creature on earth appeared in its oceans. It was a bacterium, classified as a primitive prokaryote, a single celled organism. This origin of life, a single cell, was so simple it had no compartments and was…

Theory behind clock reactions The main reaction taking place is the reaction between peroxodisulphate and iodide, as described above. The reaction produces iodine, the change in concentration of which can be measured over a given length of time. However, any colour change in this reaction is very gradual, and so although it is possible to…

Greywater is the effluent generated in the bathroom, wash and kitchen. Greywater is hence the constituent of domestic effluent, which has non originated from the lavatory or urinal. The greywater coevals in NEERI is presented in Table 4.33 4.5 Physico-chemical Properties of Water and Wastewater The H2O and effluent samples were collected from different point…

The intent of this study is to depict the electrochemical industry of Cl and Na hydrated oxide. Chlorine today is used globally to maintain the environment free from pollution. It can clean and disinfect the H2O from pathogens. NaOH is besides a utile merchandise in many facets such as purification of bauxite for the extraction…

The objective of the laboratory experiment was to synthesize cyclohexene from cyclohexanol by utilizing an acid-catalyzed dehydration process. To accomplish this, an elimination reaction was conducted. Initially, the alcohol’s oxygen was protonated, resulting in the formation of an oxonium ion. This substitution effectively replaced the poor leaving group (OH) with a more favorable leaving group…

Protons are positively charged and form the nucleus of an atom with neutrons that carry no charge. Electrons are negatively charged and are constantly moving around the nucleus. Ions are created when electrons move from one atom to another atom changing the charge of that atom to either positive or negative. When electrons move they…

Antigens usually bind to the side chain of the antigen binding site of the antibody, which may either be a protein, polypeptide or lipid. Antigens and antibody interactions are mediated by non-covalent bonds such as electrostatic forces, van der Waals forces and hydrophobic forces. Binding mediated by this type of bonds produces a reversible reaction….

What is an “Expansive Soil”? Expansive soils contain minerals such as smectite clays that are capable of absorbing water. When they absorb water they increase in volume. The more water they absorb the more their volume increases. Expansions of ten percent or more are not uncommon. This change in volume can exert enough force on…

Dyes may be defined as compounds that, when applied to a substrate provide coloring material by a procedure that alters, at least temporarily, any crystal construction of the colored substances. Such substances with considerable coloring capacity are widely employed in the fabric, pharmaceutical, nutrient, cosmetics, plastics, photographic and paper industries. The dyes can adhere to…

Stromatolites are rock-like constructions of multi-layered sheets of micro-organisms ( microbic mats ) that form in limestone. Stromatolites by and large form from the caparison and binding of atoms by micro-organisms e. g. algae and bacterium. and turn upward to acquire light from photosynthesis. Stromatolites provide scientists with some of the oldest records of early…