Purpose/Hypothesis:
The purpose is to observe the reactions of acids with bases and analyze the changes in common household cleaners. I anticipate that each solution will exhibit unique reactions when combined with acids and bases.
Procedure:
I utilized a well-plate-96, both white and black paper, as well as the chemicals from the Observation of Chemical Changes Experiment Bag. In each instance, I employed a separate well to combine the solutions. Specifically, I added two drops of one chemical followed by two drops of another chemical.
Observation:
NaHCO3 and HCl generated clear bubbles without fizzing. HCl, when combined with BTB, resulted in a change in color to orange. NH3 and 1 drop of BTB transformed into a dark blue shade. The combination of HCl and Blue Dye turned dark blue. When Blue Dye was mixed with NaOCl, it first turned dark blue and then transitioned to aqua blue. NaOCl mixed with KI exhibited a yellow color. KI mixed with Pb(NO3)2 resulted in a cloudy yellow appearance. The combination of NaOH and phenolphthalein produced a dark pink color. When HCl was combined with phenolphthalein it remained clear without any bubbles. NaOH mixed with AgNO3 produced an olive green color. AgNO3 and NH3 appeared clear with bubbles. Lastly, NH3 combined with CuSO4 appeared cloudy aqua blue.
Questions:
Suppose you have a household product labeled as containing sodium hydrogen carbonate, which is also known as sodium bicarbonate. How would you conduct a test to confirm the presence of sodium bicarbonate?
*I would conduct a test using HCl and observe if bubbling occurs.
B. To test whether a household item is an acid or a base, use the empty pipet in the Auxiliary Supplies Bag to test at least three different household items, including cleaning products, using Bromthymol blue. Remember to rinse the pipet thoroughly before testing the next item. After completing the experiment, make sure to rinse the pipet well and return it to the Auxiliary Bag for future use. Record the names of the items tested and their respective results. What do these results indicate? Windex and Grease Lightening did not cause a color change in the solution (remaining blue), while the Quick Shine Floor Finish Solution turned the solution yellow.
C. You have discovered a sample of a solution that has a slight scent similar to vinegar. To confirm its identity as vinegar, add a small amount of phenolphthalein.
The sample turns pink when mixed with a base, indicating that it is not vinegar. Phenolphthalein specifically turns pink when mixed with a base.
E. In order to determine if the new wave of VitaminWater is pH neutral, neither too acidic nor too basic, an investigation was conducted using BTB (Bromthymol blue). Five flavors of VitaminWater were selected for testing. Out of these, three of the flavor-samples resulted in a murky green color, indicating a likelihood of acid/base balance. The remaining two samples had different outcomes: one turned slightly yellow, suggesting it is more acidic than basic, while the other remained blue, suggesting it is more basic than acidic. Based on these results, it can be assumed that these particular flavors of VitaminWater have varying acid/base content.
F. To verify the presence or absence of lead in a new brand of hair tonic (which claims to contain lead as an ingredient in Grecian Formula), a simple test can be devised. A mixture of Kl with a sample of the hair tonic can be created to observe whether or not it turns a cloudy yellow color.
Conclusion:
This experiment has provided me with knowledge on the interpretation of acids and bases, as well as their reactions with one another. Additionally, it has enhanced my understanding of the implications of different types of reactions.
