Science works in many ways in that it does not only involve being valued in terms of practical apparatus. Science is more than that since it relies on the actual observations that are made. They are the accurate observations that help build on science to make science work. A majority of the occurrences of the life systems are all included to be part of science due to the complications of the process. Science brings out the systems in a more arguable form which brings out the effectiveness of science. Science should be able to come up with inferences that are open to criticism so that further research can be carried out on them. The inferences that do not involve giving out the space for criticism are not good references since they tend to be tied to only specific references.
Science helps to say a lot about the world by just observing it. The accurate observation of the world are fine and necessary but pure unstructured observations of the natural world will not always lead to scientific knowledge. In order to achieve scientific knowledge, the observations must have the variables which are always open for further discussions. It is the further discussions that help brings the correct observations that are actually needed.
The scientific observations, on the other hand, are always termed systematic because they are normally structured so that the results of the observations reveal something about the underlying nature of the world. This is how science works. The explanations about the underlying nature of the world are usually done in a theoretical manner meaning that science itself is usually theory derived. The theory driving of the scientific information helps to explain science in more understandable form. It brings out science in a way that can be understood by so many people in society. Science does not get its meaning from the subject matter since the subject matter does not provide the accurate inferences needed. All the aspects of the humans evolve from science thus it is important to know how to accurately make observations on such so as to bring out the needed definition of science.
The scientific theories must always be stated in such a way that predictions derived from them can be potentially be shown to be false. Falsification is the most integral part of scientific information since it gives science the room to grow and get different perspectives and observations from a variety of people. Once the findings made in the scientific field are not made falsified then they do not qualify to be scientific in nature. The falsification of the information is the reason to why all the scientific research is done must be first passed to a panel of peer reviewers who criticize the information. These people are professionals who have the ability to discuss the matter on the ground so as to provide the most relevant information of what has been brought to them. It is the ability of many professional scientists to come together and discuss a certain research topic and display their findings that will help that certain topic to become credible and reliable. The final findings of these researchers may not always be true and 100% accurate, yet they are a bit reliable and credible since they have been discussed by professionals.
One example of why falsification is necessary in scientific research is when yellow fever had affected many people in the world leading to the need for scientists to come and work together to help provide a solution to the problem. This resulted in scientist Benjamin Rush coming up with the cure for the disease. The research done by Benjamin was termed not a completed scientific research since the research was not falsified. The research was so direct that its failure could not link the research to not being a success. This was not science in action since science entails more than just giving out scientific findings. The research was to qualify as a null research if the practicality failed. The failing of the practical side of it was to involve the medicine not being in a position to treat the sick individuals. This helps bring out the falsification of scientific research. The falsification of scientific research is therefore very necessary to enable the world to come up with the scientific inferences that are more reliable which can be used more effectively.
The psychologists use science in a lot of ways. Psychology itself involves a lot of processes that need accurate inferences to be made. The part of the study of psychology involves the observation of how things work. The observation of such is what links psychology to the broad study of science. Psychology really relies on science since it is supposed to be in a position to make the type of observations that will stand out for further discussions. The products from the discipline of psychology also need peer review for them to be passed as the correct inferences. Peer review is very important since it gives the information collected by the psychologists their right meaning. The reviewers criticize the information to make the information more accurate before making in information available to the general public. This qualifies psychology to be a form of science. The inferences made by the reviewers also do not qualify to make the research a more accurate research but instead, it brings out the indication that the research has been correctly done and it has been passed through the right channels to make the information contained in it reliable by the people.
The research that was made on the cure of yellow fever was also a clear indication of how psychologist uses science in their activities. Benjamin Rush had come up with the cue procedure that did not get the trust among the eyes of many. Many were not into the treatment brought in the table by Benjamin since the mode was not open to criticism. Falsification is a big part that should be observed by the scientific information thus the psychologist using it to rule out the inferences brought by Rush was just a way of showing how the two are related. The two borrowed a lot from each other. The research was supposed to be open for criticism so as to make it a completed research process. Psychologists have used this research to formulate the strategies that can help make future research better. For them to dwell on the research, it means that they have actually made an accurate observation of the research. The accurate observations made by the researchers enables the psychologists to link yellow fever to different causes which makes accurate conclusions to be made on the same.
Psychologists also use scientific methods to understand behavior. Behavior is a wide process that needs accuracy in order to come up with the right information. The study of human behavior by scientists involves scientists sampling people so that people can be studied over time. The sampling enables the psychologists to be able to get different information which they can bring together for further discussions. Further discussions are what entails the process of science. Further discussions mean that the research information has been given the sufficient room for it to be discussed before accurate findings are drawn. The drawing of the accurate findings does not necessarily mean that the information given out is accurate. It only means that the information has satisfied the scientific needs of it.
Psychologists also rely on the information from science to understand and explain some of the hostilities experienced in the field. The hostilities experienced in the study of the disciplines of psychology require a lot of scientific observations so as to help draw the conclusions that will help solve the problem. The problem requires a lot to be solved. The hostility that the psychologists go through make the psychologists rejected in the eyes of many people. The tendency of not accepting these psychologists is a bad process as it removes the faith put by people on the psychologists. Psychologists then need a lot of scientific research in order to bring back their faith. The psychologists are able to explain the phenomena by accurately studying them than drawing the inferences that are reliable on the eyes of the people. They even go forward to give the people the chances of giving out their opinion on the same. They use the opinions brought out by these people so that they can value the completeness of the observations and even produce better results. That is how psychologists use science to solve the types of hostilities that they go through.
A psychologist also uses scientific information to make the relevant examinations that are required in the field of psychology. Psychology as a discipline requires a lot of examinations that will help bring out the accuracy needed in its conclusions. Science involves a lot of replications which are also set to be applied in the field of psychology. The replications enable the psychologists to collect a lot of information which they are able to examine their accuracies. The correct examination of the accuracies is what qualifies the psychological report as a complete one. If the conclusions are not accurate then the psychological report will not qualify to be a complete report.
The examination itself does not just rely on the use of apparatus just as science does not rely on the use of apparatus. This simply means that there is a lot to science than just the use of the apparatus. A lot must be done to the field of psychology to make it a complete field. The references should only be one-sided. The references should and must be complete in a way that they are made in a way that makes then open for criticism. Being open for criticism enables the conclusions to be complete. It makes the conclusions meet the required standards.
One type of research that is often used in psychology is correlational research. Correlational research is a type of research that is done to collect information about a topic when preforming an experiment is not possible. The first use of the correlational research data is that it enables the psychologist to understand the correctness of a process. The correlational information enables the psychologists to be able to draw the variables which must be observed in order to test for the accuracy of the study being conducted.
The accurateness of the study will depend on whether the study will be accepted or not accepted by the people. The correlations bring out how the events affect each other. It tries to link the most dominant variable to the main issue being discussed to see on the possibility of the main variable being the cause of the problem. The two can, however, match though they end up not summing up. Not summing up will mean that the two variables match but do not directly affect each other. This is the same way as relating the spread of Chicken Pox with walking of barefoot. Yes, it is true that chicken pox affects the poor people and the poor people have the record of walking barefooted. But it will be incorrect to say that because these people walk barefoot so they are more likely to contract chicken pox disease.
The correlational research data also helps us make the correct observations. The correlational research data will be very useful in trying to disqualify events in the field of psychology. The field of psychology involves a lot of things that need accurate correlations. The correlation of human behaviors with the various forces helps bring out the causes of human behavior. Human behavior is a wide point of discussion which requires a lot. Correlation statistics will enable the researcher to disqualify the events which are not related and ring the events which are more related to the discussion. Even if two events are closely related though they don’t directly affect each other’s occurrences then the psychologists will have to do away with them. Doing away with them will be of great benefit as it will help bring the most accurate and more reliable inferences for further discussion. This is how the psychologists use the correlational data.
Another type of research that is often used in psychology is experimental research. Experimental research or known as the experimental method involves manipulating on variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another variable. The experimental research data is also useful in the minds of many psychologists since it enables the psychologists to record accuracy. The experimental research data gives out the findings of different experiments which aid in the arrival at one dominant finding. The dominant finding is necessary as it gives the researchers the true report of what they were actually discussing. The experimental research data tends to be reliable as it is observable by people. Observation by people gives it an upper hand since the people see it as something that has met the required standards before being passed to them. It makes the research reliable to the people. Psychology needs this reliability since it makes psychology as a discipline to be accepted by the people. Therefore, experimental research has a lot of significance in the psychological field.
Experimental research data is also useful in psychology since it presents something that can be presented for peer review. The experimental research data is open for criticism since the experts can conduct the same process using the same procedure or conduct a separate experiment different from the first one although same in context. The conducting of these two experiments means a lot since it will help bring out the accuracy of the first one. If the criticism has been made and the research has stood out, then the research is meant to be adopted. This just means that a new finding will be available for use by the public.
Criticism may also involve a scenario where the two-research done by both the psychologists and the peer reviewers being combined so as to come up with a more accurate and reliable information. The reliable information will help bring a permanent conclusion that will be more reliable to the people. The information brought will have met the scientific and psychological requirements due to its falsification. This just marks the uses of the experimental data. The experimental data is very reliable for use by both the psychologists and the researchers as it enables them to learn a lot in the field of research. The experimental data helps bring the observations that were made by the researchers into practicality. It is a product of accurate observations of the processes that take place in the research made by the scientific psychologists.
The first research that was made on the use of contraceptives only resulted in the use of electrical appliances being the main variable. This was a complete disappointment as it was difficult to link these of an electrical appliance such as toaster as the main preventive measure for small girl’s pregnancy. This only showed that the two were related since the pregnancy level was much higher in the people who were not well off financially. Being poor meant that these people were not in possession of electrical appliances such as a toaster.
Therefore, linking pregnancy to poverty was an accurate thing although linking it to the distribution of the electrical appliances was not an accurate thing. Pregnancy among young people cannot be prevented by distributing electrical appliances to these people. It can only be solved when the correct inferences are drawn. Thus, this related to the need of coming up with a more separate variable that could help solve the problem. This meant that two variables can be associated without having a causal relationship. This is a way of showing how the process and the correlational data at times tend to be misused by the researches leading to them coming up with wrong findings.
In the 90’s, several Americans died of pellagra which is a disease that was characterized by dizziness, running nose and diarrhea. There was a need for this disease to be cured therefore it led to various scientists coming up with their own correlational reports that were meant to find the most independent variable that could have resulted to the widespread of the disease.
