1) A. Mitchell Palmer, the Attorney General in the 1920s, gained the nickname “fighting Quaker” due to his excessive efforts in apprehending suspects during the Red Scare. In total, approximately six thousand suspects were rounded up. This campaign to eradicate radicals intensified in June 1919 when a bomb destroyed Palmer’s home.
2) The case of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, viewed by liberals as a “judicial lynching,” involved the conviction of Sacco, a shoe-factory worker, and Vanzetti, a fish peddler, in 1921 for the murder of a Massachusetts paymaster and his guard.
3) Horace Kallen advocated for pluralism and believed that the United States should provide a protective umbrella for ethnic and racial groups to preserve their identity.
4) Randolph Bourne shared Horace Kallen’s belief in cultural pluralism.
He opposed the idea of immigration restriction. Al Capone was a grasping and murderous booze distributor known as “Scarface” from Chicago. In 1925, he started six years of gang warfare that made him millions of blood-splattered dollars. He was branded “Public Enemy Number One.” John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer. He was one of the founders of the philosophical school of Pragmatism. John T.
In the “Monkey Trial” of 1925, Scopes, a high school biology teacher, was indicted for teaching evolution. He was defended by nationally known attorneys, resulting in a clash between theology and biology which proved inconclusive. Eventually, Scopes was found guilty and fined $100, but the Tennessee supreme court set the fine aside on a technicality.
William Jennings Bryan, an ardent Presbyterian Fundamentalist, joined the prosecution against John Scopes in the same trial. As an expert on the Bible, Bryan took the stand but was made to appear foolish by criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow. Tragically, five days after the trial, Bryan died of a stroke, likely due to the heat and stress.
Clarence Darrow, a famed criminal lawyer, worked in the “Monkey Trial” and successfully made William Jennings Bryan appear foolish.
Additionally, Andrew Mellon, the Treasury Secretary at the time, implemented tax policies that favored the rapid expansion of capital investment.
11) Bruce Barton, a well-known partner in a Madison Avenue firm in New York, co-founded advertising. In 1925, he wrote a popular book called The Man Nobody Knows, in which he argued that Jesus was the greatest adman in history.
12) George H. Ruth, famously known as “Babe” Ruth.
3) Jack Dempsey, the powerful heavyweight boxing champion, knocked out Georges Carpentier, a stylish French light heavyweight.
14) Henry Ford revolutionized assembly line production at his Rouge River plant near Detroit, where a completed car was produced every 10 seconds. He played a key role in making cars affordable for more Americans.
15) Frederick W. Taylor was an influential inventor, engineer, and tennis player. He focused on eliminating unnecessary movements and developed stopwatch efficiency techniques that greatly benefited the motorcar industry. He is remembered as the “Father of Scientific Management.”
16) Charles Lindbergh achieved celebrity status as the first person to successfully complete a solo flight across the Atlantic in a small single-engine plane. His remarkable accomplishment captured the public’s imagination.
17) D. W.
Griffiths- The Birth of a Nation (1915) was a controversial film that depicted the activities of the KKK as heroic and commendable (18). This film played a role in the resurgence of the KKK during the Progressive era (19). Margaret Sanger, a fiery feminist, led the organized birth-control movement and openly championed the use of contraceptives (20). Sigmund Freud, a Viennese physician, justified the new sexual frankness in his writings and argued that sexual repression was responsible for various nervous and emotional ills. He claimed that both pleasure and health demanded sexual gratification and liberation (21). “Jelly Roll” Morton, a Creole pianist, composer, songwriter, and hustler from New Orleans, was recognized as the “First Jazz Composer.” He recorded with the “Red Hot Peppers” in the mid 1920s (22). Langston Hughes, a leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance, described the rich culture of African American life using rhythms influenced by jazz music (23). Marcus Garvey encouraged blacks to take pride in their heritage and rejected assimilation into white America. He created the UNIA and called for a Return to Africa movement (24).
24) Edith Wharton, a cosmopolitan New Yorker, received a Pulitzer prize in 1921 for her satirical novel on aristocratic society, The Age of Innocence.
25) Willa Cather, a Virginia-born novelist in the 1920s, was known for her stark but sympathetic portrayals of pioneering on the prairies.
26) H. L. Mencken, often referred to as the “Bad Boy of Baltimore” and a patron saint of many young authors, had an acidic wit. He wrote a monthly American Mercury where he attacked various topics such as marriage, patriotism, democracy, prohibition, Rotarians, and the middle-class American “booboisie.”
27) F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote two notable novels- This Side of Paradise and The Great Gatsby – both of which depicted the society of the “Jazz Age,” with its unusual combination of glamour and cruelty.
28) Ernest Hemingway crafted one of the finest novels about the war experience in any language with A Farewell to Arms (1929). Despite being a troubled soul, he tragically ended his own life with a shotgun blast in 1961.
29) Sherwood Anderson wrote Winesburg, Ohio, a description of small-town life in America.
30) Sinclair Lewis disparaged small-town America in his works Main Street and Babbitt.
31) Eugene O’Neill, the New York dramatist and Princeton dropout, authored plays such as his 1928 Strange Interlude and received the Nobel Prize in 1936.
32) Zora Neale Hurston was a Black writer who embarked on a mission to preserve African American folklore. She extensively traveled throughout the South gathering folk tales, songs, and prayers of Black southerners. Her book was titled Mules and Men.
33) Claude McKay was a prominent poet associated with the Harlem Renaissance movement and penned the poem “If We Must Die” following the Chicago riot of 1919.
4) William Faulkner, known for utilizing an imaginary setting in the Deep South called ‘Yoknapatawpha,’ wrote renowned works such as The Sound of Fury, As I Lay Dying, and Absalom, Absalom!
35) Nativist refers to an anti-foreign movement that gained significant traction in the 1850s; the KKK became closely associated with nativist beliefs.
36) Cultural pluralism is the division of society into distinct racial groups and the organization of politics around these groups. However, the existence of cultural pluralism does not imply that politics is solely organized based on ethnicity.
37) Progressive education is a pedagogical movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century as an alternative to instruction focused primarily on testing. The information referenced in this text was derived from the American Pageant History book and quizlet.com.
