This paper presents the concept of car black box vehicle safety system. It is mainly use to detect the detailed accident analysis and to take necessary preventive measures. The model can designed using some basic circuits and sensors. We have a special feature in which its sends the short message service (SMS) if the vehicle occurs with any accident in order to help or take any preventive measures. We are using different sensors for measuring various parameters of the driving data (prototype), and work according to the condition. These sensors record the relevant details about the vehicle, such as distance from obstacle, accident direction, trip time, location and date. This design works on raspberry pi processor. Finally the sensors stores the data in SD card mounted on RPI for the data which is retrieved after the accident. We use various external sensors like GPS (global positioning system) for identifying the location and camera for identifying the situation by seeing pictures and videos.
INTRODUCTION
In India the vehicle accident is a major public problem, this problem is still increasing every year due to riders poor behaviors such speed driving, drunk driving, riding without sleep etc…, the number of deaths and disability are very high due to the late assistance to people who meet with an accident due to this huge social and economic burdens are involved. On the other hand due to the drivers interruption, long-time driving tiredness, or a sudden break applied on cars accidents can take place, even though the driver is a cognizant of mind, then he cannot control her car immediately then a serious accidents may occur, sometimes crash occurs due to the bad weather, as mist, vapor, fog so on … black box is a digital electronic device, it records and give the above type of accidents and to decrease the death rate, a design is proposed to enhance on board event data recorder device(i.e. Black store vehicle speed, time and location and other sensors information and it sends a short message indicating the position of vehicle by GPS system to the given numbers and emergency medical service(EMS)and nearest hospitals to provide the first aid as early as possible .The black box can help to find the reasons of an accident easily, and it can settle many disputes of car accident such as crash litigation insurance settlements.
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
1. Raspberry pi 3model B: It is the third generation raspberry pi, it replaced by the raspberry pi2 model in February 2016 and the newest version of raspberry pi3 model is placed in January 2017,it is the size of small credit card and it is open source, therefore changes can be made to it whenever we required. Does not have storage drive but one can use SD card for sorting OS as well as or booting and long term process. The raspberry pi 3model runs on Rasping OS and it is programmed using python 2.7.6.and also we can install different software’s, it consists four USB ports for external storage, 40 GPIO pins or interfacing with hardware and full HDMI port are available on raspberry p3model board. It acts as main controller or our system.
- The camera is configured with raspberry pi to capture and storage the date and images. And also sensors are directly
- Seat Belt Sensor: It Stores the information weather he/she wear the seat belt, At the time of the accident takes place, and record the data in EEPROM and stores it in SD card.
- Alcohol Sensor: It detects the smell of the alcohol at the time o the accident takes place, the driver alcohol consumed is above the range or not, it stores the data in SD card
- Light Sensor: It checks the different lights in vehicle are the flashers, the brake lights, headlights, and the rear lights. Here LDRs (Light Dependent Resistors) are used to detect whether all these lights are functioning properly are not during the time of crash and the information about the lights stored in SD card for the analysis of an accident.
- Distance Gauge Sensor: In distance gauge sensor ultrasonic ranging module HC-SR04 is used, it detects the obstacle while vehicle in running, if any object approaches to the vehicle, then the sensor senses that obstacle, and stores the information in the SD card for the accident analysis.
GSM Module:
GSM is a Global System Mobile for mobile communication. It is used for digital mobile telephony system. It sends the SMS to the pre fixed number, if the vehicles meet with an accident.
This black box is based on the raspberry pi. This board is used to write the program python language. This programming is used to record data and video recording functions in SD card.
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS.
THE DIFFERENT SENSORS INTERFACED TO THE SYSTEM IS SHOWN IN BELOW FIGURE.
When the accident occurs then it noticed the time of crash with the help of GPS system it send an MSG to the presorted number via GSM module.
THE VALUES OF RASPBERRY PI VIRTUAL DESKTOP OUTPUT IS SHOWN IN BELOW TABLE
These values are obtained in the raspberry pi. Alcohol value is 0 it indicates the person takes the low alcohol. This sensor gives alcohol output which is connected ADC on the raspberry pi and voltage is 5V. The distance gauge is used to find the distance in front of the vehicle. In the table gives the information that the driver wear seatbelt at the time of crash and same way light sensor is also gives the information that the lights in the car are not functioning properly. T he GPS system gives the location of the vehicle where the accident occurred and GSM module is established a communication between mobile and black box. [image: ]
TEXT MESSAGE RECEIVED THROUGH GSM
It sends a message to the prefixed number and some emergency number like Emergency medical service (EMS) and nearest hospitals to provide the first aid as early as possible.
CONCLUSION
This paper has presented a new version for the vehicles industry, which is the black box system used for the vehicles. This paper has also offered a user friendly visual basic program to analyze the data of accident. The black box system built can be implemented in any vehicle. As soon as the driver runs the motor, this system begins saving the events of the corresponding vehicle. The last 21seconds are always saved in the EEPROM of black box, and in case of an accident, an addition 10seconds of events after this accident will be saved. The data saved can be retrieved only after the accident for privacy purposes. A detailed report will be given to the user containing all the necessary information.
FUTURE SCOPE
The system can be improved by including a face recognition algorithm focusing on the eye to continuous the monitor consciousness of the driver. The designed system is implemented in a model vehicle; the same can be interfaced to the real time vehicle to gather real time data. The system can be made crush proof by providing casing to the sensors so that the impact is less when an accident occurs.
