Labor Welfare Activities in Textile Industry

INTRODUCTION

GENERAL

Man Management is very vital for any organization. This has to be, followed by providing necessary infrastructure facilities and Welfare Measure to the employees of the organization. Oxford dictionary defines Labour Welfare as “Efforts to Man Life worth Living for Workman”. It operates to centralize the harmful effects of Large Scale industrialization and urbanization. The Welfare is having two dimensions, one in broader sense and other in Narrow sense.

In the broader sense, it is not only the minimum standard of hygiene and labour legislation, but also such aspects of Working life as social insurance schemes, Measures for the protection of Woman & Young Workers, limitation of hours of workers, limitation of hours of work, paid vacation etc. , In the Narrow sense, Welfare in addition to general physical working condition is only conceived with the day to day problem of the workers and the Social Relationship at the place of Work.

The concept of Labour Welfare originated in the desire for humanitarian approach to the sufferings of the Working class. It also operates to neutralize the harmful effect of the large scale Industrialization & Urbanization. The concept of Labour Welfare can be approached from various Angles. Welfare has been defined as a total concept. It is a desirable state of Existence involving physical, mental and moral well being. All these four elements together constitute the structure of welfare on which its totaling is based.

Welfare is a Relative concept for it is related to time and place. Changes in it have an impact on the system of Welfare as well. Also the characteristics of Welfare vary, for it depends largely on the conscience of the community, the scientific Advancement and development of a Nation in all fields. Its meaning and components differ from country and from place to place. The social concept of Welfare implies the Welfare of Man, the family and his community.

All these aspects are inter related and work together in a three dimensional Approach. It is however, flexible, elastic and from time to time, region to Region, industry to industry and country to country depending on the value of the system, level of Education, Social customs, degree of Industrialization, and general standards of Socio-economic development of the people. It is also relative to the political situation of the country.

Further it depends on the kinds of problems with which the society is confronted as well as on the structure of industry. Labour investigation committee (1944-1946) includes under Labour Welfare Activities as anything done for the industrial, physical, moral & Economic betterment of the Workers whether by the Employer, by the government or by any agencies, over and above, what is laid down by the law, or what is normally expected as part of the contractual benefits for which the workers may have benefited.

The report of the committee on Labour Welfare (1969) includes under it such services and facilities and amenities as Adequate canteen, rest and recreation facilities, sanitary and Medical facilities, arrangement for travel to and from work and for the accommodation of workers employed at a distance from their homes and such other services, amenities and facilities including social security measures as contributing to improve the conditions under which the workers are employed. In brief, Welfare is a desirable state of existence involving physical, mental and moral, emotional well being, it is a total concept.

TEXTILE INDUSTRY

The Indian Textile Industry has a significant presence in the economy as well as the international textile economy. Its contribution to the Indian Economy is manifested in terms of its contribution to the Industrial production, Employment generation and foreign exchange Earnings. It contributes 20% of Industrial Production, 9% of Excise collections, 18% of Employment in the industrial sector, nearly 20% to the country’s total Export Earning and 4% to the Gross Domestic product.

HISTORY OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY

India has been well known for the Textile goods since very ancient times. The Traditional textile industry of India was virtually decayed during the colonial regime. However, the modern textile industry took birth in India in the early 19th century when the first textile mill in the country was established at fort gloster near Calcutta in 1818. The cotton Textile industry, however, made its real beginning in Bombay in 1850’s. The first cotton textile mill of Bombay was established in 1854 by a parsi cotton merchant then engaged in overseas and internal trade.

Indeed the vast majoring of the early mills was the handwork of parsi merchants engaged in yarn and cloth trade at home & Chinese & African markets. The cotton Textile Industry made Rapid progress in the second half of the Nineteenth Century and by the end of the century there were 178 cotton mills. The two World wars and the Swadeshi Movement provided great stimulus to the Indian cotton Textile Industry. However, during the period 1922 to 1937, the industry was in doldrums and during this period, a number of the Bombay mills changed hands.

The Second World War, during which Textile import from Japan completely stopped, however, brought an unprecedented growth of this Industry. The number of mills increased from 178 with 4. 05 lakh looms in 1901 to 1921 & further to 396 mills with over 20 lakh looms in 1941. By 1945 there were 417 mills, employing 5. 10 Lakh workers. The cotton industry is rightly described as the Swadeshi industry because it was developed with Indigenous entrepreneurship and capital and in the pre-independence era the Swadeshi Movement stimulated the demand for Indian Textile in the country.

After Independence, the cotton textile industry made Rapid strides under the plans. Between 1951 & 1982 the Total Number of Spindles doubled from 11 million to 22 million it increased further to well over 26 million by 1989 – 90.

STRUCTURE OF INDIA’S TEXTILE INDUSTRY

The Textile Industry sector in India is one of the World’s largest. The Textile industry is divided into 3 segments

1. Cotton Textile
2. Synthetic Textiles
3. Other like Wool, Jute, Silk etc.

All segments have their own place but even today cotton textiles continue to dominate with 73% share.

The structure of cotton textile industry is very complex with co-existence of oldest technologies of hand spinning and hand weaving with the most sophisticated automatic spindles and loom. The structure of the Textile industry is extremely complex with the modern sophisticated and highly mechanized mill sector on the one hand and hand weaving (hand loom sector) on the other in between falls the decentralized small scale power loom sector. Unlike other Textile producing countries, India’s Textile industry is mostly comprised of small scale, Non integrated spinning, Weaving, finishing and apparel making enterprises.

This Unique industry structure is primarily a legacy of government polices that have promoted labour – intensive, small – scale operation and discriminated against large scale firms.

COMPOSITE MILLS

Relatively large scale mills that integrate spinning, weaving and, sometimes, fabric finishing are common in other major – textile producing countries. In India however these types of mills now account for about only 3% of output in the textile sector. About 27 composite mills are now operating in India, most owned by the public sector and many deemed financially sick. Most of these mills are located in Gujarat and Maharashtra.

SPINNING

Spinning is the process of converting cotton or man made fibre into yarn to be used for weaving and knitting. These mills are chiefly located in North India. Spinning Sector is technology intensive and productivity is affected by the quality of cotton and the cleaning process used during ginning. Largely due to regulation beginning in the mid – 1980’s, spinning is the most consolidated and technically efficient sector in India’s textile industry. Average plant – size remains small, however and technology outdated relative to other major producers. Weaving and Knitting:

The Weaving and knitting sector lies at the heart of the industry. Three distinctive technologies are used in their sector namely handlooms, power looms and knitting machine. Weaving and knitting sector remains highly fragmented, small scale and labour intensive. This sector consists of about 3. 9 million hand looms, 380,000 power loom enterprises that operate about 1. 7 million looms, and just 137,000 looms in the various composite mills. Power looms are small firms, with an average loom capacity of four to five owned by independent Entrepreneurs or Weavers. Modern shuttle less looms accounts for less than 1% of the loom capacity.

Fabric Finishing: Fabric finishing (also referred to as processing) which includes dyeing, printing and other cloth preparation prior to the manufacture of clothing is also dominated by a large number of independent, small scale enterprises. Overall about, 2300 processors are operating in India including about 2100, independent units and 200 units that are integrated with spinning weaving or knitting units. Clothing: Apparel is produced by about 77,000 small – scale units classified as domestic manufacturers, manufacturer exporters and fabricators (Sub Contractors).

PROBLEMS FACED BY THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN INDIA

The cotton Textile industry is reeling under manifold problems. The Major Problems are the following. Sickness: Sickness is widespread in the cotton Textile industry. After the engineering industry, the cotton industry has the highest incidence of sickness. As many as 125 sick units have been taken over by the central government. Sickness is caused by various reasons like the problems mentioned below. Obsolescence: The plant and machinery and technology employed by a number of units are obsolete. The need today is to make the industry technologically up-to-date rather than expand capacity as such.

This need was foreseen quite sometime back and schemes for modernization of textile industry had been introduced. The soft loan scheme was introduced a few years back and some units were able to take advantage of the scheme and modernize their equipment. However the problem has not been fully tackled and it is of utmost importance that the whole industry is technologically updated. Not many companies would be able to find resources internally and will have to depend on financial institutions and other sources. Government Regulations:

Government Regulations like the obligation to produce controlled cloth are against the interest of the industry. During the last two decades the excessive regulations exercised by the government on the mill sector has promoted inefficiency in both production and management. This has also resulted in a colossal waste of Raw materials and productive facilities for example, the mills are not allowed to use filament yarn in wrap in order to protect the interest of art silk and power loom sector which use this yarn to the affluent section of the society.

Low yield and fluctuation of cotton output: The Cotton yield per hectare of land is very low in India. This result in high cost and price further being largely dependent on the climatic factors, the total Raw cotton production is subject to wide fluctuation. Causing serious problems for the mills in respect of the supply of this vital Raw material. Competition from manmade fibres: One of the serious challenges facing the cotton textile industry is the competition from the man-made fibres and synthetics. These textiles are gradually replacing cotton textiles.

This substitution has in-fact been supported by a number of people on the ground that it is not possible to increase substantially the Raw cotton production without affecting other crops, particularly food crops. Competition from other countries: In the international market, India has been facing severe competition from other countries like Taiwan, South Korea, China and Japan. The high cost of production of the Indian Industry is a serious adverse factor. Labour Problems: The cotton textile industry is frequently plagued by labour problems.

The very long strike of the Textile workers of Bombay caused losses amounting to billions of Rupees not only to the workers & Industry but also to the nation in terms of excise and other taxes and exports.

SWOT ANALYSIS OF INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY STRENGTHS

Abundant Raw material Availability Allowing the industry to control cost and reduce overall lead times across the value chain. Low Cost Skilled Labour Low cost skilled labour providing a distinctive competitive advantage for the industry Presence across the value – chain

Presence across the value chain providing a competitive Advantage when compared to countries like Bangladesh, Srilanka, who have developed primarily as garmenters. Reduced Lead times: Manufacturing capacity present across the entire product Range, enabling textile companies and garmenters do source their material locally and reduce lead-time. Super Market: Ability to satisfy customer Requirements across multiple product grades – small and large lot sizes specialized processed treatments etc. , Growing Domestic Market: Growing Domestic Market which could allow manufactures to mitigate risk while allowing them to build competitiveness.

WEAKNESS

1. Fragmented Industry: Fragmented Industry leading to lower ability to expand and emerge as world – class players.
2. Effect of Historical Government Policies: Historical Regulations thought relaxed continue to be an impediment to Global Competitiveness.
3. Lower Productivity and Cost Competitiveness: Labour force in India has a much lower productivity as compared to competing countries like china, Srilanka etc. , The Indian Industry lacks adequate economics of scale and is therefore unable to compete with china, and other countries etc. , Cost like indirect taxes, power and interest are relatively high.
4. Technology Obsolescence: Large portion of the Processing capacity is obsolete. While state of the art integrated textile mills exist majority of the capacity lies currently with the power loom sector. This has also resulted in low value addition in the industry.

OPPORTUNITIES

Research and Development and product Development Indian Companies need to increase focus on product Development. Newer specialized fabric – smart, fabrics, specialized treatment etc. , Faster turn around times for design Samples. Investing in design centres and Sampling labs Increased use of CAD to develop designing capability in the organization & developing greater options. Investing in trend forecasting to enable growth of the industry in India.

THREATS

• Competition in Domestic Market: Competition is not likely to remain just in the exports space, the industry is likely to face competition from cheaper imports as well. This is likely to affect the domestic industry and may lead to increased consolidation.
• Ecological and Social Awareness: Development in the form of increased consumer consciousness on issues such as usage of child labour, unhealthy working condition etc. , The Indian Industry needs to prepare for the fall out of such issues by improving its working practices.
• Regional Alliances: Regional trade blocs play a significant role in the global garment Industry with countries enjoying concessional tariffs by virtue of being members of such blocs / alliances. Indian Industry would need to be prepared to face the fall out in the form of continued barriers for imports.

CONCLUSION

The Indian Textile Industry is currently one of the largest and most important sector in the economy in terms of output foreign exchange earnings and employment in India. The Textile Industry has the potential to scale new heights in the globalized economy.

The Textile Industry in India has gone through significant changes in anticipation of increased international competition. The industry is facing numerous problems and among them the most important once are those of liquidity for many organized sector units, demand recession and insufficient price realization. The Long-Range problems include the need for sufficient modernization restructuring of the entire industry to cater more effectively to the demands of the domestic and foreign markets for textiles as per the needs of today and tomorrow.

AMBATTUR CLOTHING LIMITED

Ambattur Clothing Ltd. , was incorporated in the year 1981 by Mr. Vijay Mahtaney (VIJU) who is a first generation entrepreneur. The Company started with a single factory with a work force of around 150 employees. In just 2 decades the company have grown to an organization which is the fifth largest exporter of garments in India with a total workforce of over 8000 people employed in 10 facilities managed by the company. Ambattur Clothing Ltd. Has a very high reputation in the Global market for its commitment to quality and delivering within the stipulated time equipped with the latest State of Art Technology in the Industry.

Ambattur Clothing Ltd. Specializes in the manufacture of Shirts, Trousers, Ladies wear, Jackets etc. Ambattur Clothing Ltd. Clientele includes GAP, Banana Republic, J Crew, Old Navy. Ann Taylor, Espirit, May Store. Llz Claibome, Next, Kohls, Levis, L. L. Bean, Diesel, A&F to name a few, “COLOUR PLUS” which has very high reputation in the domestic market is a part of the Ambattur Clothing Ltd. Group. ‘Clothes Encounters’ is a retail division of Ambattur Clothing Ltd. Which has got its showrooms in 7 locations across India.

In a highly demanding industry like Apparel Exports, where competition from both domestic and abroad is fierce, Human resource and infrastructure decides sustenance and success of any key player. Ambattur Clothing Ltd. , have the positive edge in both the factors, which is the prime and sole reason for their success. The Company’s Corporate Vision Ambattur Clothing believes in challenges like meeting international Standards of Quality, achieving high levels of production effectiveness and optimizing existing resources through their corporate philosophy.

IMPORTANCE OF LABOUR WELFARE MEASURES

Employee welfare is in the interest of the employee, the employer and the society as a whole. For the employee, welfare measures help to counteract the negative effects of the factory system. These measures enable the employee and his family to lead a good life. For the employer, welfare measures lead to higher productivity of labour.

Employee welfare is also in the interest if the larger society because the health, happiness and efficiency of each individual represent the well being of all, thus, employee welfare provides the following benefits.

1. Welfare activities influence the sentiment of the workers. When workers feel that the employer and the state are interested in their happiness, the tendency to grouse and grumble by the employee will steadily disappear. The development of such a feeling paves the way for industrial peace.
2. The provisions of various welfare measures such as good housing, canteen, medical and sickness benefits etc. makes them realize that they have also some stake in the undertaking in which they are engaged and so they think thrice before taking any reckless action which might prejudice the interest of undertaking.
3. Welfare measures, such as cheap food in the canteen, free or concessional medical and educational facilities, also various allowances for travel, education of their children etc. indirectly increase the real income of the workers. Hence, they will try to avoid industrial disputes as far as possible and do not go on strike on flimsy grounds.
4. Welfare activities will reduce labour turnover and absenteeism and create permanent settled labour force by making service attractive to the labour.
5. Welfare activities will go a long way to better the mental and moral health of workers by reducing the incidences of vices of industrialization.
6. Welfare measures will improve the physique, intelligence, morality and standard of living of the workers which in turn, will improve their efficiency and productivity.
7. Welfare measures help to improve recruitment. As the job becomes more attractive, more efficient workers can be recruited.
8. Improvement in material, intellectual and cultural conditions of life protects workers from social evils like smoking, drinking, gambling, prostitution etc.
9. Welfare measured help to improve the goodwill and public image of the enterprise. Voluntary efforts for the welfare of workers reduce the threat of further intervention.

LIMITATIONS

The study is restricted only to 150 workers in Ambattur clothing, so the opinion of the entire population is not known. The opinion of the entire population may vary. Some of the respondents hesitated to give the correct information. Few of the respondents discussed among themselves before answering. It is difficult to know whether willing respondents are truly representative. The data required was collected using questionnaire method this method can be used only when respondent are educated and cooperating. In Ambattur Clothing nearly one-third of the employees are uneducated and are employed for performing work of low-skilled nature. Therefore difficulty was encountered in getting the responses from them.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Review of literature is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge and or methodological approaches on a particular topic. Literature reviews are secondary sources and as such, do not report any new or original experimental work. A well structured literature review is characterized relevant reference with consistent appropriate referencing style; proper use of terminology and an unbiased and comprehensive view of the previous research on the topic.

Conventions and Recommendations on ILO (1949) set forth a fundamental principle at its 26th conference held in Philadelphia recommended some of the measures in the area of welfare measures which includes additional protection for life and health workers in all occupations, provision for child welfare, and maternity protection , provision of adequate nutrition, housing and facilities for recreation and culture, the assurance of equality of educational and vocational opportunity. Etc. According to Mark Columbus in his study.

“Welfare facilities towards shoe makers in Chicago”. 1964 specifies that, welfare measures is one of the most important factors for overall well being. Welfare measures will make the workers more contented in their job and therefore more productive. International labour organisation in its resolution of 1947 defined ‘labour welfare’ as : Such services, facilities and amenities as adequate canteens, rest and recreational facilities, arrangements For travel to and from work and for the accommodation of workers employed at a distance from their houses and such other services.

Amenities and facilities as contribute to improve conditions under which the workers are employed. The labour investigation Committee stated that “Anything done for intellectual, physical, moral and economic betterment of the workers, whether by employers, by government of by other agencies over and above what is laid down by law, or what is normally expected on the part of the contracted benefits for which workers may have bargained”. The Committee on Labour Welfare stated that “Today, welfare is generally accepted by employers.

The state steps in to widen the area of applicability only. Welfare is being looked at as a social right of workers. The committee described it as social security measures that contribute to improve the conditions under which workers are employed in India. (1969 Report). Labour welfare includes both statutory as well as non-statutory activities under taken by employers, trade unions and both the central and state governments for the physical and mental development of workers.

Shoba Mishra and Manju Bhagat in their “Principles for Successful Implementation for Labour welfare activities” stated that Labour absenteeism in Indian Industries can be reduced to a great extent by provision of good housing, health and family care, canteen, educational and training facilities, and provision of labour activities. The principle of successful implementation of labour welfare activities is nothing but an extension of democratic values in an industrialized society. The Committee on Labour Welfare, 1969, recommended the provision of transport facilities to workers so that they can reach the workplace punctually and comfortably.

Report of National Commission on Labour (2002), Government of India, made recommendations in the area of labour welfare measures which includes social security, extending the application of the Provident Fund, gratuity and unemployment insurance etc. The Indian Labour Conference in 1963 recommended the setting up of consumer cooperative stores in all industrial establishments including plantations and mines employing 300 or more workers. The employer is expected to extend help in the form of share capital, working capital, loans at concessive rates etc.

The Industrial Truce Resolution, 1962 aimed at keeping prices of essential items low by opening a sufficient number of fair price shops for workers. Tripathi (1999) quoted the Labour welfare measures and social security as employee service programs or fringe benefits. Employees enjoy these services without any reference to the specific work done by them. In case of economic benefits, their amount is not predetermined and can be ascertained only after the event. G. Sekar (1985) in his study in SPIC, Chennai, found that valuable suggestions from the employee side should be encouraged through suggestion boxes, rewards, etc.

Medical insurance scheme should be implemented specially for acute diseases such as cancer. Conveyance allowance for employee’s children may be implemented to encourage and motivate workers. S. Rajamohan (1993) in his study in Labour welfare measures in Neyveli lignite Corporation found that the concentration was needed in hygienic aspects, medical aid and transport. Improvement in toilet, canteen facility and security arrangements required much attention as the general well being of the workers is much of importance.

Gowri Shankar (1993) in his study in Indian Aluminium Company Lts, Hirakud analyzed the intramural and extramural welfare activities provided in the company. The study throws light on the economic conditions and social background of workers and concludes that most of the workers were illiterate, but otherwise loyal to the management. Workers relations were cordial and peaceful. Rawat (1988) stated that welfare activities is divided into three groups which include: Welfare facility within the premises of an establishment (medical aid, creches, canteen, supply of drinking water)

Welfare facility outside the establishment (provision for indoor and outdoor recreation, housing, adult education, visual interaction) Social security. Ravi Verma (2001) stated that employee welfare activities should be coupled with motivation factor because that is what which brings about employee satisfaction and enhanced productivity. Amit Garg (2003)stated that Organizations which want to do business even after the downturn is over would need to continuously create and maintain the bond between its employees goals and welfare.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology describes how the research study was undertaken. This includes the specification of research design, sources of data method of primary data collection, the sampling method completed etc.

RESEARCH DESIGN Research design in purely and simply the framework or plan for a study that guides the collection and analysis of the data. The research design indicates the methods of research i. e. the method of gathering information and the method of sampling. Fundamental to the success of any formal research project is sound research design.

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH Descriptive research design included surveys and fact finding enquiries of different kinds, it is one that simply describes something such as demographic characteristics of employees and it deals with the description of the state of offers, on ex post fact and the researchers has no influence on them.

DATA COLLECTION Primary data were collected by conducting direct structured interview using schedule. All the respondents were asked the same questions in the same fashion and they were informed the purposes of study.

METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA Primary data are original source from which the researcher directly collects data that not been previously collected. It is obtained from the prospective employees by administrating a well structured and detailed questionnaire.

SAMPLING When field studies are undertaken, the consideration of time and cost almost invariably lead to a selection of respondents. Selection of only a few items. The respondents selected is the representatives of the total population in order to reduce a immature cross section. The selected respondents is sample and the process is called sampling technique. Convenience sampling technique was adopted for this study.

CONVENIENCE SAMPLING Convenience sampling refers to the collection of information from members of the population who can be approached conveniently by the researcher. By using this sampling techniques 200 samples were selected.

SAMPLE SIZE: Sample size of the study that was selected from the sampling unit size is 150.

ANALYSIS OF THE DATA: The data collected through schedule had been tabulated-By using the percentage analysis tools, mean score value, chi- square test, the data had been analyzed interpretation have been drawn based on the analysis. The finding and observation are the result and outcome of the interpretations made during the course of analysis.

PRESENTATION OF THE REPORT: Tables and figures have been used wherever to facilitate the analysis and interpretation. Explanations for the tables were given wherever necessary.

SCHEDULE DESIGN: A standardized schedule to collect data on beliefs, feelings and attitudes form the respondents is being used and also researcher had contributed these efforts in framing the schedule. The purpose of the study is explained clearly to the respondents. CLOSE

ENDED QUESTION: In this question the respondents are given five choices in which he/she has to select one. AREA OF SAMPLING: The study was carried out in Ambattur Clothing, Chennai.

DATA COLLECTION TOOL: The tool used for collecting data is a well-structured standard questionnaire. The data has been collected with this schedule by approaching directly the employees. To collect primary data’s detailed questionnaire was designed and administrated to respondents. This was done by both open ended and closed ended questions. The closed ended questions were given in order to evaluate the objectives; the open ended questions were given in order to bring out the reasoning and suggestions. The questionnaires were formulated in advance, clear, easily understandable and sample.

TOOLS USED FOR THE STUDY:

1. Percentage analysis
2. Mean Square Value
3. Chi- Square Test.

DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

DATA ANALYSIS

The next step after data collection is the Analysis of data. The analysis of data requires a number of closely related operations such as establishment of categories, application of these categories to raw data through coding, tabulation and drawing statistical inferences. The unwieldy data should be necessarily condensed into a few manageable groups and tables for further analysis. Analysis work after tabulation is generally based on the computation of percentages, coefficients etc. by applying various well defined statistical formulae.

In the process of analysis, relationships or differences supporting or conflicting with the original or new hypotheses should be subjected to tests of significance to determine with what validity data can be said to indicate any conclusion. In this study, the statistical tools used for data analysis is Percentage Analysis, Mean Score analysis, Chi- Square Analysis.

INTERPRETATION

The next step to collecting and analyzing the data, is the task of drawing inferences. Interpretation refers to the task of drawing inferences from the collected facts. Interpretation is a search for a broader meaning of the research findings.

The usefulness and utility of the research findings lie in proper interpretation. It also serves as a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches.

CONCLUSION

The main objective of the project is to understand the effectiveness of various welfare measures provided by the Ambattur Clothing Ltd. The data collected from the employees were recorded, analyzed & interpreted. The findings from the study revealed that the Ambattur clothing Organization is highly welfare oriented and seeks to motivate the employees through various welfare measures. It can be concluded that most of the employees are satisfied with the existing welfare measures provided by the Ambattur Clothing Ltd. The suggestions from the employees conveys that a minor attention in some areas will improve the satisfaction of workers in a better manner.