The Jews of Europe were the main victims of the Holocaust in what the Nazis called the “Final Solution of the Jewish Question”. The commonly used figure for the number of Jewish victims Is six million, so much so that the phrase “SIX million” Is now almost universally interpreted as referring to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust, though estimates by historians using, among other sources, records from the Nazi regime itself, range from five million to seven million.
About 220,000 Saint and Aroma were killed In the Holocaust (some estimates are as high as 800,000), between a quarter to a half of the European population. Other groups deemed “racially inferior” or “undesirable”, Soviet military prisoners of war including Russians and other Slavs, Poles, the mentally or physically disabled, homosexuals, Jehovah Witnesses, Communists and political dissidents and criminals, were also persecuted and killed.
Many scholars do not include the Nazi persecution of all of these groups in the definition of the Holocaust, with some scholars Limiting the Holocaust to the genocide of the Jews; some to genocide of the Jews, Aroma. And disabled; and some to all groups targeted by Nazi Taking all these other groups into account, however, the total death toll rises considerably, estimates generally place the total number of Holocaust victims at 9 toll million, Hough some estimates have been as high as 26 million.
The word holocaust originally derived from the Greek word holocaust, meaning “a completely (halos) burnt (stakeouts) sacrificial offering” to a god. Since the late 19th century, “holocaust” has primarily been used to refer to disasters or catastrophes. According to the oxford English Dictionary, the word was flirts used to describe Hitter’s treatment of the Jews from as early as 1942, though did not become a standard reference until the sass. By the late sass, however, the conventional meaning of the word became the Nazi genocide.
The term is also used by many in a narrower sense, to refer specifically to the unprecedented destruction of European Jerry in particular. The Holocaust was an intentional and meticulously planned attempt to entirely eradicate the target groups based on ethnicity. It Is estimated that die EndГ¶sung deer Juddering (the Final Solution of the Jewish Question), as the Nazis called it during the Wannabes conference of January 1942, saw the extermination of 64 percent of all the Jews in Europe, or 35 percent of the world’s Jewish population.
In a speech In October 1943, Heimlich Hammier, the Reaches;here of the Chesterfield AS), told a group of senior AS men and Nazi party leaders: “What about the women as having no right to exterminate (surrogate) the men-?in other words, to kill them or have them killed-?and to let the avengers in the form of the children grow up for our sons and grandsons to deal with. The difficult decision had to be taken to make these people disappear from the earth. The Holocaust was Justified by claiming that the victims were Understatement, I. E. , ‘underlings’ or ‘subhuman’, who were seen as both biologically inferior and (in the case of Jews) a potential challenge to the superiority of the ‘Aryans’. Its perpetrators saw it as a form of eugenics-?the creation of a better race by eliminating the designated “unfit”-?along the same lines as their programs of compulsory sterilization, compulsory euthanasia, and “racial hygiene”.
The Holocaust was characterized by the efficient and systematic attempt on an industrial scale to assemble and kill as many victims as possible, using all of the resources and technology available to the Nazi state. For example, detailed lists of potential victims were made and maintained using Adenoma statistical machinery, and meticulous records of the killings were produced for example, the precise counts of executed Jews in the Höflee Telegram).
As prisoners entered the death camps, they were made to surrender all personal property to the Nazis, which was then precisely catalogued and tagged, and for which receipts were issued. In addition, considerable effort was expended over the course of the Holocaust to find increasingly efficient means of killing more people; for example, by switching from carbon monoxide poisoning in the Action Reinhardt death camps of Belize, Sobör, and Trebling to the use of Ceylon B at Managed and Auschwitz.
In his book Russian’s War, British historian Richard Every describes how the Nazis sought more efficient ways to kill people. In 1941, after occupying Belabors, they used mental patients from Minsk asylums as Guiana pigs. Initially, they tried shooting them by having them stand one behind the other, so that several people could be killed with one bullet, but it was too slow. Then they tried dynamite, but few were killed and many were left wounded with hands and legs missing, so that the Germans had to finish them off with machine guns.
In October 1941, in Mommies, they tried the Snagged or “gas car”. First they used a light military car, and it took more than 30 minutes for people to die. Then they used a larger truck exhaust and it took only eight minutes to kill all the people inside. [7] Alleged corporate involvement in the Holocaust has created significant controversy in recent years. Rudolf Hoses, Auschwitz camp commandant, said that far from having to advertise their slave labor services, the concentration camps were actually approached by various large German businesses, some of which are still in existence.
Technology developed by IBM also played a role in the categorization of prisoners, wrought the use of index machines. The Holocaust was geographically widespread and methodically conducted in virtually all areas of Nazi-occupied territory, where and sent to labor camps in some nations or extermination camps in others. The mass killing was at its worst in Central and Eastern Europe, which had more than 7 million Jews in 1939; about 5 million Jews were killed there, including 3 million in Poland and over 1 million in the Soviet Union.
Hundreds of thousands also died in the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Yugoslavia, and Greece. Documented evidence suggests that the Nazis planned to carry out their ‘final elution’ in Britain, North America, and Palestine if these regions were conquered[citation needed]. The extermination continued in different parts of Nazi- controlled territory until the end of World War II, only completely ending when the Allies entered Germany itself and forced the Nazis to surrender in May 1945.
Anti-Semitism was common in Europe in the sass and sass (though its roots go back much further). Doll Hitter’s fanatical brand of racial anti-Semitism was laid out in his 1925 book Mien Kampala, which, though largely ignored when it was first printed, became a bestseller in Germany once Hitler acquired political power. This Anti- Semitism was echoed by Nazi groups such as the Streamlining by songs like “When Jewish blood drips off the blade” and the rallying cry “Judd overtake” (Perish the Jew).
On April 1, 1933, shortly after Hitter’s accession to power, the Nazis, led mainly by Julius Stretcher, and the Streamlining, organized a one-day boycott of all Jewish- owned businesses in Germany. A series of increasingly harsh racist laws were soon passed in quick succession. Under the “Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service”, passed by the Reichstag on April 7, 1933, all Jewish civil servants at the Reich, LГender, and municipal levels of government were fired immediately.
The “Law for the Restoration of a Professional Civil Service” marked the first time since Germany’s unification in 1871 that an anti-Semitic law had been passed in Germany. This was followed by the Nurturers Laws of 1935 that prevented marriage between any Jew and non-Jew, and stripped all Jews of German citizenship (their official title became “subject of the state”) and of their basic civil rights, e. G. , to vote. In 1936, Jews were banned from all professional Jobs, effectively preventing them exerting any influence in education, politics, higher education and industry.
On 15 November of 1938, Jewish children were banned from going to normal schools. By April 1939, nearly all Jewish companies had either collapsed under financial pressure and declining profits, or had been forced to sell out to the Nazi-German government as part of the “Romanization ” policy inaugurated in 1937. Heimlich Hammier (left), leader of the AS (responsible for rounding up Jews), with Doll Hitler (right). As the war started, large massacres of Jews took place, and, by December 1941, Hitler decided to completely exterminate European Jews.
In January 942, during the Wannabes conference, several Nazi leaders discussed the details of Bubbler urged Reinhardt Hydride to proceed with the Final Solution in the General Government. They began to systematically deport Jewish populations from the ghettos and all occupied territories to the seven camps designated as Everlastingness, or extermination camps: Auschwitz, Belize, Echelon, Managed, Mall Triteness, Sobör and Trebling II.
Sebastian Huffier published the analysis in 1978 that Hitler from December 1941 accepted the failure of his goal to dominate Europe forever on his declaration of war against the United States, but that his trihedral and apparent calm thereafter was sustained by the achievement of his second goal-?the extermination of the Jews. [9] Even as the Nazi war machine faltered in the last years of the war, precious military resources such as fuel, transport, munitions, soldiers and industrial resources were still being heavily diverted away from the war and towards the death camps.
By the end of the war, much of the Jewish population of Europe had been killed in the Holocaust. Poland, home of the largest Jewish community in the world before the war, had had over 90% of its Jewish population, or about 3,000,000 Jews, killed. Greece, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Lithuania, Bohemia, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and Latvia each had over 70% of their Jewish population destroyed. Belgium, Romania, Luxembourg, Norway, and Estonia lost around half of their Jewish population, the Soviet Union over one third of its Jews, and even countries such as France and Italy had each seen around a quarter of their Jewish population killed.
Some Jews outside Europe under Nazi occupation were also affected by the Holocaust. Starting in 1933, the Nazis set up concentration camps within Germany, many of which were established by local authorities, to hold political prisoners and “undesirables”. These early concentration camps were eventually consolidated into centrally run camps, and by 1939, six large concentration camps had been established.
After 1939, with the beginning of the Second World War, the concentration camps increasingly became places where the enemies of the Nazis, including Jews and Poss., were either killed or forced to act as slave laborers, and kept undernourished and tortured. Concentration camp inmates during the Hallucination’s the War, concentration camps for Jews and other “undesirables” were spread throughout Europe, with new camps being created near centers of dense “undesirable” populations, often focusing n areas with large Jewish, Polish intelligentsia, communist, or Aroma populations.
Most of the camps were located in the area of General Government in Poland, but there were camps in every country occupied by the Nazis. The transportation of prisoners was often carried out under horrifying conditions using rail freight cars, in which many died before they reached their destination. Concentration camps also existed in Germany itself, and while not specifically designed for systematic extermination, many concentration camp prisoners died because of harsh conditions or were executed.
