An understanding of how the body is structured and works is important for those wishing to pursue a career in Health and Social Care; knowledge of the body in its normal state and when things go wrong are important when assessing care needs of individuals. This knowledge underpins the concepts studied in many other units in this course programme,
The Learning Outcomes for Unit 5 are to:
1.Know the organisation of the human body.
2.Understand the functioning of the body systems associated with energy metabolism.
3.Understand how homeostatic mechanisms operate in the maintenance of an internal environment
4.Be able to interpret data obtained from monitoring routine variations in the functioning of healthy body systems.
Remember:
Use the details within the unit specification to help inform you regarding the required assignment content.
This assignment is divided into 6 tasks, some of which are workbooks and activities that will be completed and written up in class.
Tasks 1, 2 and 3
These tasks cover the whole of Learning Outcome 1
Criteria:
P1 “outline the functions of the main cell components”
P2 “outline the structure of the main tissues of the body” P3 “outline the gross structure of all major body systems“
•These 3 tasks consists of a worksheet for P1 and two workbooks for P2 & P3
•Follow all the instructions and complete by hand in class.
•Don’t forget that accurate, precise detail is needed for this work
Task 1 covers P1 – CELLS and ORGANELLES
Task 2 covers P2 –TISSUES
Task 3 covers P3 -BODY SYSTEMS
Task 4 – Body Systems and Energy
This task covers the whole of Learning Outcome 2
(image from: http://www.cksinfo.com/sports/trackandfield/page2.html)
Scenario:
Tom is 28 years old and since his late teens has been a keen runner, regularly taking part in fun-runs and serious marathons. He runs nearly every day and trains in the gym twice a week, more often if the weather is bad. He eats a healthy, high energy diet and is currently training for the London Marathon next spring. His pre-run preparation always includes a high carbohydrate meal of pasta with chicken the night before and a banana and carton of fruit juice immediately before running. He also supports a local youth club, encouraging local teenagers to keep fit and is preparing some information for training sessions with them.
Criteria:
P4 “explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body”
The respiratory and digestive systems each have a major role in obtaining and processing key elements needed for energy. Tom wants to give to young
athletes in the youth club information on how these systems work to help their understanding of fitness.
Produce 2 fact sheets, 1 for each system that explains how the elements for energy are obtained, processed, used and any waste eliminated.
Key concepts and terms you need to cover include:
•Respiration •Ventilation•Gas exchange
•Cellular respiration•Inhalation •Exhalation
•Digestion•Enzymes•Nutrients that provide energy
•Catabolism•Anabolism•Absorption
•Transportation•Krebb’s cycle•Metabolism
You may use diagrams to support your explanations but you must use the ones provided on MOODLE or hand drawn, and label them yourself to demonstrate your understanding and knowledge – DO NOT use pre-labelled diagrams from the internet. (P4)
To work towards a Merit
M1 “discuss the role of energy in the body”
Tom is going to give a short talk to the youngsters at the club on the role of energy, as many of them complain of feeling tired during training. Prepare and write a short talk for him that discusses why the body needs energy and how it is used. Part of this could be in the form of FAQs (frequently asked questions). (M1)
To work towards a Distinction
D1 “analyse how two body systems interrelate to perform a named function”
Write a more detailed fact sheet that analyses how the respiratory and digestive systems work together to enable the athletes to concentrate, co-ordinate and create movement and build strength whilst they are training. To analyse something it needs to be broken down in specific scientific detail. You may also need to touch on the functions of other body systems that are involved.(D1)
Task 5 – Homeostasis
This task covers the whole of Learning Outcome 3
For this task you will create a set of fact sheets for Tom and his athletes that explain homeostasis and its role in exercise and health.
Criteria: P5 “explain the concept of homeostasis”
Fact sheet 1 – “What is Homeostasis?”
In this fact sheet explain what Homeostasis is. You need to include the following terms & concepts: •internal environment•external environment •control •effector •sensor •negative feedback.
(P5)
To work towards a Merit
Criteria: M2 “discuss the probable homeostatic responses to changes in the internal environment during exercise”
Fact sheet 2 – “How exercise affects Homeostasis”
In this fact sheet you need to discuss what happens in the body when we exercise and the likely homeostatic responses the body makes to manage the changes. You will need to include: •breathing rate•heart rate
•blood sugar levels•body temperature
(M2)
To work towards a Distinction
Criteria: D2 “evaluate the importance of homeostasis in maintaining the healthy functioning of the body”
Fact sheet 3 – “Homeostasis and Health ”
For this fact sheet select 2 of the conditions affecting health below, and note which system feedback loops they relate to. Evaluate how homeostasis maintains health in each system by looking at what is normal and comparing it to what has gone wrong with specific regard to homeostasis in each condition. 1.Diabetes (Type 1)2.High level Spinal Injury (C2-3)
3.Stress4.Hypothermia
NOTE: DO NOT just write an explanation of each condition.(D2)
Task 6 – Monitoring Body Systems
Criteria:
P6 “follow guidelines to interpret collected data for heart rate, breathing rate and temperature before and after a standard period of exercise”
The preparation of this task involves taking part in a class-based physical exercise activity, measuring breathing rate, heart rate and temperature before and after the exercise to obtain the data. Once you start the activity it must be done at timed intervals: •0 minutes – base line measurement immediately before the physical exercise •10 minutes – immediately after the physical exercise
•25 minutes – after 15 minutes rest
Record your results and compare them to the guideline results of a normal young healthy adult at rest:
Breathing rate12 – 16 complete breaths per minute
Heart rate70 beats per minute
Temperature37oC
Write a paragraph on each set of results and use them to interpret and describe what has happened as a result of the exercise.(P6)
To work towards a Merit
Criteria:
M3 “present the data collected before and after a standard period of exercise with reference to validity”
Using the data collected, present each set in relevant tables and graphs. You may do this using spread-sheet software on a computer or by hand on graph paper.
For each set of data and graphs you need to consider the accuracy of the measurements in relation to the individuals, the activity and guideline measurements and comment on how valid they are.(M3)
BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE UNIT 5STUDENT NAME ……………………………………………… Learner declaration
I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged. Learner signature: Date: GRADINGCOMMENTSAWARDED
Pass 1
outline the functions of the main cell components
Pass 2
outline the structure of the main tissues of the body
Pass 3
outline the gross structure of all major body systems
Pass 4
Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body Merit 1
Discuss the role of energy in the body
Distinction 1
analyse how two body systems interrelate to perform a named function/functions
BTEC National Diploma HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE UNIT 5STUDENT NAME ……………………………………………………….. Pass 5
explain the concept of homeostasis
Merit 2
discuss the probable homeostatic responses to changes in the internal environment during exercise Distinction 2
evaluate the importance of homeostasis in maintaining the healthy functioning of the body Pass 6
Follow guidelines to interpret collected data for heat rate, breathing rate and temperature before and after a standard period of exercise Merit 3
Present data collected before and after a standard period of exercise with reference to validity
General Comments
GRADE
POINTS
